Instructions for installation and operation of a 4x4 automotive electric winch

The main criteria for choosing a winch

Winch design

Modern models of this class are available in two types of designs. This parameter correlates with the type of drive, but is somewhat different in its features.

1. Drum winches include all types of devices. As noted above, the cable is wound on a special drum, which is set in motion through one or another mechanism;
2. The lever type winch is a private type of similar mechanisms, compact and easy to install. A small drum with a cable is driven here too, but the main element is a ratchet mechanism, driven exclusively by manual force.

Traction force

Everything here is quite simple - the higher the thrust of a particular winch, the more powerful this device is and the greater the weights it can handle. As a rule, most amateur models have a pulling force in the region of 3-5 tons. Professional models, hydraulic or electric, can develop a thrust of 10-15 tons or even more, thus allowing them to cope even with powerful and large-sized equipment, such as the GAZ-66 or URAL.

Here we should also note such a concept as the load capacity index. This parameter indicates the maximum static force that a particular winch model is capable of moving from a point. This parameter is measured in pounds (1 pound – 0.45 kilograms) and the larger this parameter, the more powerful and prepared a particular winch is, accordingly. However, for most amateur tasks, as well as for semi-professional jeep trials, overly powerful winches are not required; models with a load capacity index of 6000-8000 are quite sufficient.

We should not forget that the more powerful the device, the higher its reliability and wear resistance, as well as the larger overall dimensions and thicker the cable. All this directly affects the overall weight of the winch and directly affects the functioning of the vehicle’s hydraulics or electrics. In addition, overpaying in such a situation is a very doubtful pleasure, since the more powerful the device, the higher its price.

The material from which the cable is made, as well as its length

Modern cables for cars are divided into two categories:

1. Metal cables are well known to everyone. Powerful and durable, it allows you to cope with heavy and bulky loads. The disadvantages of such a load are the tendency to crease, excessive rigidity and very heavy weight;
2. Synthetic cable, a modern analogue of steel, is a weave of thousands of nylon fibers. This cable is perfect for everyday use; it is not afraid of moisture and corrosion, is much softer and more flexible, is not prone to the formation of creases and does not increase the weight of the mechanism. The “reward” for such advantages is low dynamic strength;

As for the length of the cable, the optimal value is considered to be 20-40 meters. Only for lever models can the length very often exceed the 50-meter mark, thereby significantly expanding the functionality.

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In the next article we will reveal all the secrets of choosing the right trailer for a car.

Traction device drive

About the design and operation of a car. How to translate exx on the numbers.
Series numbers AMP, EKH, SKR, etc., what do they mean and who belongs to them. How to get a beautiful number The specifics of use require taking into account the various characteristics of winches, which will depend on the tasks assigned to such equipment. Heavy equipment requires significant effort to move onto a normal road. A light car will only need a load of 1-2 tons to drive out of any ditch. To solve such problems, winches may have fundamental differences in the type of drive.

• Mechanical - combined into a single design with the mechanics of the car. The torque is supplied to the drum through the transmission system. This type of drive is controlled from the cabin of an SUV or special equipment and does not require the installation of additional devices;
• Electric ones are a separate mechanism, and only the power of this equipment is supplied from the car. When operating such an electric winch, the machine’s battery is quickly discharged, and such an installation would be justified for equipment with a high battery capacity;
• Hydraulic - this system has greater power and is installed mainly on special equipment. A modern hydraulic winch is connected to the power steering system, which provides sufficient oil pressure to start it. The speed of chain rewinding is compensated by the power of the system;
• Manual - have a mechanical design and work due to the applied force on the lever. Their design can also vary significantly, but the load capacity is usually within 2 tons. Large traction forces in such mechanisms will require significant physical impact.

Classification

Based on the type of drive, winches are divided into a number of categories. The most common type is electric. Less popular are non-removable winches - hydraulic ones. Their advantage is that they do not overheat and can even work under water. But they have a big drawback - a very slow rotation speed of the drum.

There are also mechanical winches. A mechanical car winch often easily copes with off-road problems. When used correctly, manual force is quite enough to pull out a stuck car. There is not always a source of energy. If the battery is dead and the tank is empty, this is the only possible option. But these winches have a limited rope length and are not always easy to handle.

Advantages of an electric winch:

• efficiency in work;
• the ability to use an alternative battery;
• ability to work outside the car;
• great functionality.

A removable electric car winch is the most convenient and functional option.

Selection Methods

An electric winch for a car must be properly selected. There are several ways to select it:

1. You can select by index. The more a car weighs, the higher its index. The index means its maximum force when moving the car along a horizontal plane.
2. According to the load capacity index. You can calculate it by multiplying the weight of the car by 2.
3. By wheel diameter. The larger they are, the more powerful the winch should be.

The winch is manual. Price

About the design and operation of the car Is it possible to change the engine. Engine replacement

In specialized stores you can select the necessary devices for pulling out cars. For the most part, they are represented by Chinese-made models. The main indicators of choice are price and traction force, which must be at least 1 ton. When choosing, the lifting capacity of the winch must be at least twice the weight of the car.

A manual lever winch should not be too expensive. If it exceeds 5-6 thousand rubles, it is advisable to purchase a used electric model for the same price.

European-made products are several times more expensive, but they are highly reliable and easy to use. The picture shows a French-made device with a lifting capacity of 3.2 tons, but it performs better than the Taiwanese one at 4 tons.

You can find a good domestic model, for example, Sputnik. Although its load capacity is only 500 kg, it works reliably, has a reasonable price and is quite suitable for a passenger car. About 3 thousand rubles. There is an MTTM lever winch with a lifting capacity of up to 3.2 tons. According to customer reviews, it can be used as a lifting and traction device for various purposes. The advantage of the device is the absence of idling of the handle, as well as smooth load removal.

Reviews from professionals say that a force of 500-1200 kg is enough to pull a car. A winch with a lifting capacity of about 2 tons is quite sufficient. In addition, most models do not reach the declared force. The main reason is that you need to exert a lot of force on the handle, leaning on it with your whole body. Many devices require stronger and longer handles, as well as steel ropes.

According to reviews from those who often encounter off-road conditions, you need an electric winch that will allow you to develop the necessary effort and speed. In order to insure against unforeseen situations, it is better to have a combined model, which can also be used to pull the car manually.

When purchasing a product, you should pay special attention to ensure that there are no counterfeits. They can be detected by the quality of parts, markings, name of the manufacturer and lack of certificates

Hydraulic car winches

Hydraulic winches operate from a hydraulic motor , which is usually driven by a power steering pump . Power is transmitted from the engine to the hydraulic drum by pumping the working fluid of the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor.

In this case, the pressure from the hydraulic steering pump, which is usually used for medium-power hydraulic winches, is switched from the power steering to the hydraulic motor using solenoid valves. For more powerful hydraulic winches, a separate pump with a pulley is used.

Hydraulic automotive winches have a number of significant advantages. The hydraulic motor is highly reliable and resistant to overloads - in case of overload, it simply stops, but does not break. Due to the tightness of the hydraulic motor, this class of winches allows you to work underwater.

Such winches are provided with an adjustable maximum power limiter. Compared to electric winches, hydraulic winches are more powerful and last longer. Both electric and hydraulic winches can be controlled remotely and installed on different vehicles.

The main advantages of this winch are the inability to overheat and the absence of a “hard” connection with the motor. You can drag on the winch for hours - the oil heats up and nothing else serious happens. And the pump drive through a belt protects the winch from cable breakage, damage to cardans and gearboxes.

If the force is too great, the winch simply stops because The belt starts to slip. The lack of connection with the transmission allows the driver to help the winch with the wheels, dosing the torque on the wheels using the clutch. There are also no electrical contacts on the winch, so it works great underwater.

Disadvantages: Typically, the speed of cable withdrawal in power mode is lower than that of mechanical and electrical ones, a larger number of system components, greater complexity, and, as a consequence, a significantly higher price. That is why hydraulic winches have not yet become widespread among Russian off-road enthusiasts.

The best manufacturers of automotive winches

About the design and operation of a car. There is a difference between injection and carburetor engines. What's better

Many famous manufacturers produce car accessories. Their products are not only sold freely, but are also installed on SUVs “from the factory”, being a design element. This state of affairs greatly simplifies the selection and purchase of a winch - functionality, technical parameters and even standard attachment points are often determined by the manufacturer. We recommend products from the following brands:

1. T-Max;
2. Come-Up;
3. Warn;

Many jeepers rightfully consider the products of the above brands to be worthy; they are preferred when preparing cars for professional off-road. When choosing a specific model, regardless of the purpose pursued by the buyer, one should be guided not only by the technical characteristics, but also by reviews of real buyers that are presented on the Internet.

Towing winches - device, purpose

Towing winches are designed for towing cargo - timber, ships, dinghies, etc. and are installed on towing vessels, icebreakers and icebreaker-type vessels.

Modern towing winches are automatic, electric or hydraulic. Steam-powered winches are rarely used.

The design diagram of a domestic electric towing winch is shown in Fig. 84.

The winch cargo drum has a diameter of 550 mm, a length of 800 mm and flanges with a diameter of 1200 mm. The end of the towing cable passes through the hole in the flange and is secured to it with a simple lock, allowing the cable to be released easily in emergency situations (destruction and rapid flooding of the towing cargo, etc.).

The winch is equipped with an electric motor, an electric brake and a manual drive for winding and reeling in the cable. The rope is laid on a drum and unwinded evenly using a rope laying machine. Rotation is transmitted to the cargo drum through a three-stage spur gear with a total gear ratio of 135. The winch gears are enclosed in a casing and are continuously lubricated with oil poured into the crankcase. The remaining rubbing parts of the winch are periodically lubricated with thick lubricant.

The electric motor is connected to the gear shaft of the first stage of transmission by a gear coupling. A centrifugal disc brake is mounted together with the clutch.

Towing in calm weather and calm sea conditions is carried out with the electric motor turned off and the band brake applied. The rope handler acts as a bollard.

Towing with the electric motor turned on is carried out using manual or automatic control. For this purpose, the winch is equipped with a special switching device on the control panel. When towing, the winch band brake is clamped with a certain force, which determines the amount of tension in the tow rope. The winch experiences constant dynamic forces from the side of the cart (wave impacts against it, etc.), so it is necessary to dampen these forces so as not to lead to damage to the winch parts. The force is absorbed in the process of etching a part of the towing cable and unwinding it from the drum. Etching of the cable occurs because the magnitude of the dynamic load, together with the resistance of the water to the movement of the cart, overcomes the tightening force of the band brake, the toothed crown rotates in the brake and the drum is able to rotate, ensuring the etching of the cable. After the dynamic load ceases, the etched section of the cable is wound back onto the drum by manually or automatically turning on the electric motor.

To ensure automatic control, the winch is equipped with a weighing device with a force control device and a path control device with corresponding electrical equipment.

The diagram of the weighing device is shown at the bottom of Fig. 84. The basis of the weighing device is a band brake with damper springs. The springs are mounted on vertical rods attached to the brake band lugs. The tape fits loosely around the toothed crown and is tightened by hand. The amount of brake tightening is controlled by the indicator arrow. Thus, both during tightening and during the process of towing the cart, the indicator arrow constantly shows the amount of tension of the towing cart, as if weighing it, which is where the name of the weighing device came from. The limit switch protrusion is mounted on the brake band at the bottom. A lever transmission to the force control device extends from the left eye of the belt. The limit for the specified tightening value of the band brake is 9–14 t.

When the winch is automatically controlled, the entire automation system is put into operation. The angle of retraction of the contacts of the force command device is made using the installation handle manually. The angle of rotation of the machine shaft corresponds to a certain cable tension at which the automation system is activated. By installing the track control device, the permissible length of the cable etching is set. The maximum controlled length is 50 m. The shaft of the track control device is connected to the load shaft and therefore control of the removed cable is simple.

During towing, the electric motor is turned off and braked, the band brake is clamped with a given force. If the dynamic force is not much greater than the brake tension, the shaft will turn a little and remove the cable. Through the third and second stages of transmission and satellites, the toothed crown will rotate through some small angle and rotate the band brake. The damper springs will take the load and compress. After the load is removed, the springs will expand and force the brake band, along with the toothed crown, to return to its original position. The crown will transmit rotation to the load drum through satellites and gears. The etched small section of the tow rope will be pulled back onto the drum.

If the force of the dynamic impact significantly exceeds the specified tension, the crown together with the brake will rotate through a larger angle and the shaft of the force control device will rotate through the specified angle under the influence of the lever transmission. The contacts of the command device will close, and a weak starting current of 1 A will be supplied to the engine. At the same time, the electric brake is released and the engine develops a very low torque, allowing the tow rope to still unwind from the drum.

The cable will rewind to the specified limit. As soon as the length of the etched section of the cable reaches a specified limit, the track control device will turn on additional contacts and current with operating parameters will begin to flow to the electric motor. The motor will begin to rotate and select the etched section of the cable. After selecting the installed section of the cable, the track control device will open the contacts, the power to the electric motor will be de-energized and its shaft will brake. The weighing device will return to its original position.

Thus, the joint operation of the weighing device and control devices ensures automatic control of the winch. Measures have been taken to ensure trouble-free and safe operation of the winch.

If the traction force on the cable increases sharply and reaches the upper limit of 18-20 tons, the gear crown together with the brake will rotate to an angle at which the limit switch contacts will turn on. The electrical circuit will receive an impulse to electrically brake the engine when its mechanical braking is turned off. With a further increase in force or in another case, when the cable is pulled out more than 50 m, the automatic winch control system will turn off, which will be indicated by a warning alarm.

If the engine speed increases excessively while reeling in the cable, the centrifugal brake will be activated. The brake is activated at 1400 rpm, and when 1800 rpm is reached, the brake will create a calculated torque of 25 kgm. With a further increase in engine speed, the automatic control system will turn off and the warning alarm will sound.

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What are the benefits of a manual drum car winch?

The main advantage of this mechanism is not only its simplicity of design and versatility of use, but also a huge number of sets of drawings on the Internet. Even a woman can use this simple device, since the worm gear has a very high transmission coefficient. The main thing is to securely fasten it to the car body or attach it to any massive object (stone, wood).

The gearbox is always the most difficult to manufacture, so it is advisable to select a ready-made one and adjust all the drawings to it. For a person who undertakes to make a winch on his own, making adapters for connecting to the engine or drum will not present any difficulties.

Installation on a car

Installation on a car is best done at a car service center. When installing yourself, you need to follow a number of principles. The ideal location is in front of the car.

To do this, you can make a special platform that will not interfere with the bumper. The control unit must be located in a relatively dry place.

A good option for the control unit is under the hood. The contactor must be pre-treated with sealant. Use the wires included in the kit. Contacts must be protected from corrosion. It is advisable to place a switch between the control unit and the battery for safety. He often saves from fire.

When traveling, not only a winch is necessary, but also a luggage rack. Read how to choose it here. Read about other useful car accessories in this article.

Types of hand winches

The absence of the need for a power source and the mobility of the installation, which a manually driven traction winch has, makes it the most popular. Its purpose is fundamentally different from hoists that move cargo vertically. If there is no need to install an electric winch, or this is not possible, purchasing a manual model would be the best solution. To understand all the features of such mechanisms, you should know their design and differences.

Drum design

To reduce the load when pulling the machine, a gearbox is used, the design of which can be of several types. A guide must be installed on the drum, the purpose of which is to eliminate distortions when winding the cable. This car winch has the highest load capacity among manual mechanisms.

When choosing such devices, you should pay attention to the strength of the case. It bears the main load and its fragility or damage can cause injury

Mounting structure

The use of a drum, although quite convenient, significantly complicates the operation of the traction device. No less important is the brake on the winch, which can hold the tension on the cable. Refusal to use a drum made the design lighter and more mobile. This winch device does not require a special platform for installation. The cable is pulled out when it is tensioned, which will be convenient for use for light-weight vehicles. This design is not uncommon in any store, and has a very affordable price.

Using a hand winch

Basically, hand winches are manufactured in the following types:

• drums;
• lever;
• installation and traction.

Manual units are used on construction sites, warehouses, automobile and home workshops, and country houses. The first type is used for lifting, lowering, and moving small-sized cargo with limited weight. The source of movement is the rotation of the drum manually. The body of the product must be rigidly fixed to the selected surface.

Lever manual structures are used in cases where it is necessary to move loads of large dimensions and weight. They do not require rigid fastening on one side. The versatility of such units lies in the fact that they can be successfully used on horizontal and vertical planes.

Mounting and traction units are structurally different from drum and lever devices. They can use ropes or slings of any length. The principle of operation is to pull the rope through the mechanism in a given direction. One option for such a device is the so-called worm winch. It uses a gear drive with reversible force. The main disadvantage of such systems is the increased coefficient of friction created between the gear and the worm screw. This circumstance leads to rapid wear of the entire mechanism.

All manually driven structures are used as auxiliary (additional) lifting equipment. Especially in cases where there is limited free space.

Principle of operation

The main difference between modern winches lies in the features of their functioning. This parameter determines the type of design, cost, and scope of use of the device.

• Manual models.
  Such devices have a drum, traction or lever mechanism, which creates a traction force as a result of the user’s physical impact on a special handle. The devices have a simple design and low weight. However, they can only be used for passenger cars weighing up to 1 ton.
• Electric models.
  Equipped with an electric motor that receives power from the on-board network. They have a higher traction force, which allows them to be used for both passenger cars and heavy SUVs. Electric models are easy to use - the user only needs to press a button to start.
• Mechanical models.
  They receive power from the car engine, which is supplied through the power take-off unit. Suitable for vehicles with a special transfer case configuration. They are characterized by high traction force, adjustable speed, increased reliability and ease of maintenance.
• Hydraulic models.
  They are equipped with a hydraulic motor that receives working fluid from the standard power steering system. They have a complex design. They are installed mainly on modern cars with power steering. They have great power, are able to work for a long time without interruption, and are well protected from moisture.

Electric car winches

Electric winches are by far the most common among off-road enthusiasts. They operate from an electric motor, which is powered by the vehicle's on-board power supply. In terms of “stuffing”, the various models of this class of winches are not much different and consist of an electric motor, a gearbox, a drum for winding the cable and a contact block for controlling the winch. Depending on the power, electric winches are equipped with brakes of various designs, usually mounted inside the drum, and cables of different thicknesses and lengths. Electric winches have a simple design, are easy to install, easy to use, and allow remote control.

The main advantages of this type of winch are ease of installation, the ability to install on any car. However, the time of direct operation of an electric winch with the engine turned off does not exceed 10 - 15 minutes, after which the battery energy becomes insufficient for full operation of the winch. If used for a long period of time, there is a risk of completely discharging the car battery. The disadvantage of electric winches is their very high energy consumption, which often exceeds the capabilities of the car’s standard electrical system .

Also, the electric motor tends to overheat, which is why working with this class of winches requires breaks. In addition, they cannot be used under water, which can be critical, for example, when passing a ford.

Manual lever winch

Manual lever winches are prepared for work as follows. Unwind the rope, pull back the lever of the traction mechanism and fix it. Then the traction mechanism is placed with its back cover on the floor, the end of the steel rope is passed through the sleeve and pushed until it comes out of the end of the hook. If the rope being pushed through the winch does not get into the clamps of the front grip, but passes by and rests against the body of the mechanism, it is necessary to pull the steel rope back and push it again until the hook appears in the hole.  

Manual lever winches (Fig. 1 7) are designed for lifting and moving loads along horizontal and inclined planes, and can be used in the installation of power lines and during repair work.

A manual lever winch (Fig. 3.62) is a traction mechanism for both lifting and moving loads in a horizontal or inclined position. The winch consists of a traction mechanism 5, a volumetric lever 1, a rope 3, with a hook 2 and a clip 4 for storing the rope.  

Manual lever winches with a lifting capacity of 1 5 and 3 5 G (manufactured by the Tuapse plant of the Ministry of Construction of the RSFSR) are very light in weight and can be widely used for lifting and dragging loads, for hauling loads, for installing pipelines and many other works. Their installation is no different from the installation of conventional hoists.  

Manual lever winches consist of a traction mechanism /, a removable telescopic lever 2 and a working cable 3 with a hook at the end. The action of the traction mechanism is to pull the cable using grips with cams, which self-clamp on the cable with a force proportional to the load.  

Manual lever winches (Fig. 58 c) are used instead of hoists or conventional hand winches. These winches are designed to move loads in horizontal, inclined and vertical directions.  

Manual lever winches have the following advantages: greater maneuverability, small dimensions and low weight.  

Manual lever winches are used to lift and move loads horizontally. Their advantages are low weight and small size. Special grips are used as traction organs of such winches. In this case, the working rope is not wound onto a drum, but is pulled between two alternately operating grips. The main components of such a winch are: a traction mechanism, a lever, a working rope with a hook at the end and a clip for storing the rope. The mass of the traction mechanism of a manual winch with a lifting capacity of 1 5 t is 18 kg, and with a lifting capacity of 3 t - 26 kg.  

Manual lever winches are designed for lifting and pulling loads. They consist of a traction mechanism enclosed in a stamped steel housing, a removable sliding arm, a working steel rope with a hook at the end and a device for loosening the rope. The rope is selected by means of two clips with self-gripping clamps, which perform a reciprocating movement when the drive lever swings.  

The manual lever winch with a pulling force of 1 5 t consists of a traction mechanism, a removable telescopic lever, a working rope with a hook and a rope storage holder.  

Manual drum winch

These mechanisms even look similar to car winches installed on special vehicles. They consist of a drum and a gearbox. The latter, in relation to hand winches, can be gear or worm. The drum is used for winding steel cable or tape.

Worm hand winches have one undeniable advantage. With a gearbox of this type, it is much easier to implement a system that allows you to stop the winch at the right time. This significantly increases the safety of its use. In addition, the worm hand winch has great reliability and a variety of mounting methods. True, such a mechanism is not without its drawbacks:

1. Decent dimensions. Reviews from owners indicate that the worm winch is more suitable for use in the garage;
2. Relatively small mass that such a mechanism is capable of pulling;
3. The worm gearbox is quite complex, requires constant maintenance and is very sensitive to dirt.

All of the above indicates that this type of winch is not the best option for a mobile device.

Gear hand winches also consist of a drum and a gearbox with a handle. They are easier to manufacture, and therefore, all other things being equal, are somewhat cheaper than worm-type ones. The cable is fixed here using a ratchet, which must be sufficiently reliable. The gearbox is much easier to maintain; the presence of a pair of gears places special demands on the quality of the metal from which they are made. Therefore, it is better to take products from well-known manufacturers and not chase cheapness.

Regardless of the design, all drum winches have the following disadvantages:

• The size of the drum is limited by the dimensions of the mechanism. This limits the length of the cable;
• The inner diameter of the drum is very small. If a steel cable is used, it is subject to strong bending when winding. Therefore, with intensive use, it quickly breaks down;
• Another weak point is the cable laying mechanism. It often cannot withstand the load and ceases to perform its functions. As a result, the cable begins to get caught in the gears of the gearbox, and this is a waste of time and nerves.

Conclusion: Manual drum-type winches are not always convenient for use in the field. Experts recommend purchasing them for garage use.

Lever hand winches

It is this type of hand winch that drivers most often use to rescue their cars. The standard design includes a metal frame with a mechanism located inside it.

keeping up with the times?

It is operated by a lever on the winch body. Due to the fact that greater force can be applied to the lever, such mechanisms can help in more complex situations than drum ones. The pulling force of manual lever winches reaches several tons. And this is with a standard lever. If you strengthen it, you can pull out the car faster, spending less effort. Some self-respecting manufacturers include such an amplifier in the delivery package or make the lever telescopic.

One of the main elements of the lever mechanism is the so-called ratchet. It fixes the cable in a taut state. The ratchet is a wheel with thrust teeth located on it. A special pin, a lock, rests on each of them in turn, preventing the wheel from spinning in the opposite direction, thereby ensuring tension in the cable.

Naturally, the entire load falls on the winch frame. Therefore, it must be made of metal of appropriate thickness and quality. Otherwise, it will simply become deformed. You should not buy a lever winch if its frame is made of metal less than 3 mm thick.

Thanks to its small dimensions, you can operate the mechanism even in the most inconvenient places. In addition, unlike a drum winch, a lever winch does not require mandatory fastening of the housing. But you need to keep in mind that the smaller the winding drum, the more force you will have to apply. Therefore, the inner diameter of the drum must be at least 45 mm.

The best electric winches

There are several high-quality, noteworthy models that are inexpensive, but differ in performance and functionality: they can pull Toyota, UAZ and many others SUVs out of the mud.

Electric Winch "12 000 4413"

Average price: 15.1 thousand rubles.

In addition to the winch, cable and hooks, the kit includes control panels (radio and wired). The engine of the device is quite powerful. The winch cable is metal, parameters 9.5 mm * 25 m. It can lift a car weighing more than 2 tons. Designed for expedition vehicles that often find themselves in extreme situations. For example, for SUVs from UAZ, NIVA and Toyota.

The three-stage gearbox is made of steel, which confirms the quality and performance of the winch. The solenoid block is installed in different ways. The device works quite quickly due to the patented brake and reliable gears. Traction force - 5443 kilograms.

car winch Electric Winch 12 000 4413

Advantages

• the inertia-free brake keeps the gearbox from spinning;
• easy to enable free unwinding;
• two oil seals on the housing prevent moisture from entering the motor and gearbox.

Flaws

• not found.

“I bought it a few years ago and it worked flawlessly. For my SUV, the Hyundai is just right – it will lift you up and pull you out of the mud.”

Oleg, Krasnodar

Caliber ELB 1130

Average price: 6 thousand rubles.

The supply voltage is the same as the previous winch, but the pulling force is much less.

The unit is used as an independent lifting mechanism, and not just as a winch, and this is an advantage.

The towbar mount is convenient and can be attached to different cars. In addition, you can use it manually. But the cable is not long: it will be difficult to pull out a massive SUV, although the manufacturer claims it is suitable for special equipment.

car winch Caliber ELB 1130

Advantages

• profitable price;
• capable of lifting heavy loads.

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Disadvantages

• no radio control.

“I bought it for my husband, he is disabled and cannot go down the stairs like an ordinary person. Now it has become much easier to do this. And the price pleased me: 6 thousand.”

Olga, Tver

Master Winch "MW 9500 12V"

Average price: 30 thousand rubles.

Another good car electric winch. The traction force here is determined from the name - 9500 ibs.

The kit includes a steel cable, a hook and a belt. Additional accessories include an emergency shutdown button and a cable arrester. Can be attached to Gazelle, Niva and various UAZ vehicles. Manufacturer: China. More often than not, winches are produced there.

Master Winch MW 9500 12V

Advantages

• high load capacity;
• emergency shutdown button.

Flaws

• price.

“I wanted to buy a winch with a long cable and good power. So I bought this one and don’t regret it: it’s been working for several years and has already pulled my car out of the swamp.”

Dmitry S, Moscow

Denzel LB-2000 52021

Average price: 25 thousand rubles.

Automotive electric winch of stationary type. With its help you can pull both an SUV and a small ATV out of the swamp.

The equipment is easy to use. But apart from the winch and instructions, there are no additional accessories included in the kit. Like other models, it is produced in China, but at the same time it is a German brand. The cable is long, which is convenient.

You can install it on the body or bumper of a car, but that’s not the main thing. It has a handle with which to carry the device and a carabiner on a hook that deftly captures the load.

Denzel LB-2000 52021

Advantages

• long cable;
• not heavy.

Flaws

• small set.

“The model is easy to install and weighs little. Portable and convenient, because conventional models only work in stationary mode.”

Mikhail, Astrakhan

How to choose the right winch

To avoid making a mistake when purchasing a winch, the technical characteristics of such equipment must correspond to the weight of the machine. There is no point in installing a powerful traction device on a modest city car. In most cases, you can limit yourself to a manual winch with lever control. Sports transport also has its own specifics, for example, a winch for an ATV often has a stationary installation, but the light weight of the equipment requires much less effort.

Using traction equipment will help you avoid many problematic situations on bad roads. Even a small winch for a boat can provide invaluable assistance, but it is much better to prepare for any events that may happen along the way.

You can put the winch in the trunk or install it in the bumper area; in any case, such a precaution will be justified and will help avoid many troubles

Selecting a winch for SUVs

Now let’s talk about how choosing a car winch for SUVs differs. These vehicles differ in their power, dimensions and weight. Therefore, there are some specific features in choosing a winch for them. The classification also remains unchanged.

Auto winch for SUVs

Electric winches. SUVs are designed to travel over rough terrain, and therefore the operating conditions are more severe. If the machine is loaded in a swampy area or when trying to move, liquid and dirt splash. An electric winch may simply fail. And the battery may not last: too few ampere hours.

Mechanical winches. These devices, as in the case of passenger cars, require installation in a special compartment near the engine. But modern models do not provide for this. For example, on domestic SUVs this can only be found in home-made assembly schemes. And this is far from the cheapest option, because the car is completely redesigned.

Hydraulic winches. After a certain period of service, any hydraulic device will begin to “spit” oil. Nothing lasts forever, much less such a working principle. Also, this type of winch does not allow you to control the SUV while it is being pulled. The device will not withstand such a load. Yes, there may be some difficulties with the installation.

The manual version of the winch for SUVs is practically not considered, due to the considerable weight of such vehicles and low productivity. After all, no person can compete with mechanical work.

Installation methods depending on the type of winches

Installation of automobile winches is carried out according to different schemes. The installation technology is determined by the design and dimensions of the traction device. According to the installation method, winches are divided into the following types:

• stationary models.
  Such devices are mounted on the bumper using bolts. Open mounting involves installing the mechanism directly on the bumper. This method changes the aesthetics of the exterior, but is most convenient when using the device frequently. You can also place the winch hidden - under the bumper. In this case, only the guides and the hook remain visible;
• removable models.
  Such devices usually have compact dimensions and low power, so they are more suitable for passenger cars. They are equipped with a special console that is installed on the car bumper. The traction device is installed as needed. The driver can remove it at any time.

Hydraulic winch

A hydraulic winch for a car has a motor in its design, so it can be installed on any car that has a hydraulic pump of the required power. The device has proven itself to be reliable, but it also has disadvantages. The hydraulic pump does not always have enough power to power both the winch and the car’s engine. In some cases, an additional pump is installed to service one winch. The hydraulic winch operates smoothly and silently and has a large power reserve.

Hydraulic winch

Choosing a good hand winch

When choosing a cable winch, you need to pay attention to the drum, namely the shaft axis on which the cable is wound. If the diameter is small, the tension element will wear out quickly and this will lead to burrs

In the case when it is not a cable that is wound, but a belt, the diameter of the shaft is not important. In addition, what matters is how well the mechanism locks.

Before using a winch, you need to know the mass of the object that will be moved using the device. The weight of the load must be such that the traction mechanism can lift it without experiencing any special load.

All joints of parts must be strong - this applies more to the drum and drive. Even if the frame is reliable, the shaft itself can easily fail. All parts must be wear-resistant so that they are not affected by cable friction.

Manual worm winch type VS

Designed for pulling, horizontal movement and lifting of loads. The worm gearbox of the VS manual winch allows for better load control and has a reinforced frame. The winch has a comfortable handle. The worm gear provides the ability to hold the load when the handle is released. Whenever the winch handle is released, the mechanism automatically stops and locks. The handle is adjustable in length. The winch body and drum are made of durable steel sheet.

To view overall and mounting dimensions click here

You can buy a manual worm winch type VS in St. Petersburg at the following prices:

Rope diameter, mm

Handle force, kg

Winding per turn of the handle, mm

Winch for installation of cable lines

The hydraulic tensioning machine (cable hydraulic winch) is designed for pulling power cables in trenches or through pipes. It is a machine equipped with a diesel engine, a hydraulic system and impellers (capstans), through which a leader cable is passed.

The principle of operation of a winch for installing cable lines

The engine drives capstans with a leader cable attached to them, which, in turn, is connected to the cable being laid using special devices (swivel, cable stocking). The capstans, rotating, pull the cable, and behind it the cable, from one end of the trench, on which the drum with the cable is located, to the other (where the winch is located). The power range of such winches is quite wide: from small ones with a traction force of 0.5 tons to heavy-duty ones with a traction force of up to 400 tons.

Features of installing a winch on the Niva

Niva is a popular car among fishermen and hunters

Niva enjoys well-deserved popularity among fishing and hunting enthusiasts. Therefore, we will take a closer look at the options for installing a winch on this SUV:

• A special bracket is mounted on the car, to which, if necessary, a winch is attached. The rest of the time it is transported in the trunk
• A reinforced bumper is attached to the body, on which a winch is permanently mounted
• The third option requires certain skills and involves installing a bracket in the front standard bumper. In this case, the mechanism is almost invisible. This service is usually provided by tuning studios.

It is preferable to use synthetic rope rather than metal cable. This is explained by the fact that if the cable is unevenly wound on the drum, damage to the radiator is possible, and if trouble can occur, it will certainly occur at the most inopportune moment.

Mechanical car winches

Mechanical winches are powered by the vehicle's engine. A special power take-off is connected to the transfer case, from which the winch receives torque. These winches are distinguished by high power, unpretentiousness and reliability. On it you can change the speed of the cable extraction by changing the engine speed.

The main advantage of mechanical winches is that there is no electrical load on the vehicle’s network and the exceptional reliability of the unit. Possibility of regulating the speed of cable winding using the gas pedal. Since the winch is rigidly connected to the transmission, excessive loads can damage it, therefore, to protect against such trouble, a special key is provided in the winch design, which is cut off at the maximum permissible load. Although the key can be replaced by any solid object, such freedom is fraught with damage to the cardan, bracket, and even the frame and gearbox. The main disadvantage of mechanical winches is their ability to be installed only on SUVs whose transfer case allows the connection of a power take-off.

Unlike the other two types of winches, a mechanical winch cannot be controlled remotely. Since winding the cable onto the drum requires supervision, it is dangerous to use such a winch alone - it may break during winding.

Load capacity index and vehicle class

This indicator means the maximum level of force that the winch can generate to move the vehicle in a horizontal plane. The load capacity index must necessarily exceed the weight of the vehicle by 2–2.5 times. In this case, it is necessary to take into account not only the weight of the car according to the registration certificate, but also the total size in running order, that is, with the spare wheel, thresholds, guardrail and other attachments, as well as with passengers and cargo.

To determine which winch to choose for a particular car model, you must first pay attention to the class of the vehicle. The pulling force in the marking of winch equipment is indicated by a special index, which is calculated in pounds, for example 6000 lb or 9000 lb

Off-road vehicles are divided into the following classes by weight:

• Easy.
  This category includes the domestic Niva, Daihatsu, and certain Isuzu and Sportage models. They don't need heavy-duty traction devices. Equipment with an index of about 6000–8000 will be sufficient.
• Average.
  This category includes UAZ, Pajero, Trooper, Wrangler, Discovery and similar models. Depending on the operating conditions for such machines, it is better to purchase a unit with an index of 8000–9500.
• Heavy.
  This category includes Land Cruiser, Patrol, Defender 110 and other similar cars. The minimum winch pulling force for such machines is 9000–9500. If the vehicle is used in extreme off-road conditions, the index must exceed 12,000.

Types and characteristics of automobile winches.

To ensure that a vehicle can move freely over rough terrain and get out of various difficult situations, special lifting equipment is used - automobile winches. In some cases, they will become a real salvation for the car owner, because with their help you can free the car from swamps, snowdrifts and other impassable places. We will talk about how to choose the right one in our article.

Main types of devices

First of all, the models are divided according to the principle of their action into:

o manual;

o mechanical;

o hydraulic;

o electrical.

Now about them in more detail.

Features of manual models

When discussing the types and design of winches, you should start with the simplest option - a manual mechanism. Such devices can be of lever, worm and drum type. Among the advantages of the models are:

o affordable price;

o versatility (no need to connect the mechanism to a power source);

o simplicity of design (as a result, the model does not break and serves for a long period).

At the same time, such devices require physical human effort, so with their help you can free only fairly small cars weighing up to 1-2 tons. In the case of SUVs and trucks, you should pay attention to other types of devices.

Electric winches

Actually, car winches of this type are used on most cars. Such devices are powered by the car's electrical system. Their carrying capacity is quite large. For example, the Winch 13000 lbs model is capable of handling loads weighing almost 6 tons, so even an SUV can be freed with its help.

IT IS WORTH NOTING:

Automotive winches of this type can operate on 12 V and 24 V mains. This parameter should be taken into account when choosing the appropriate model.

In addition, they are often used in industry, warehousing and construction. Only in this case the operating voltage is 220 V or 380 V.

Mechanical models

Such devices do not have their own motor, so they operate from the power unit of the machine. On the one hand, the models are simply distinguished by their enormous power, but at the same time, they are too bulky and heavy. Cars and SUVs are rarely equipped with them. The exception is a couple of car models that come with a similar lifting device from the starting configuration.

Hydraulic winches

They are distinguished by a rather complex design and high price. Yes, they operate silently and smoothly, but these advantages are rarely relevant when freeing vehicles from tight spaces.

When discussing which winch is better, it is difficult to answer unequivocally. Here you need to take into account your budget and the features of the vehicle. At the same time, most car enthusiasts agree on electric models.

How to choose a winch

Having decided on the type of device, you need to think about the characteristics of the car winch. First of all, attention should be paid to the following parameters:

o traction force. The most important characteristic. After all, it is necessary that the lifting equipment can easily free the car from a difficult place. It is worth noting that the normal traction force should exceed the weight of the vehicle by 2.5 times. That is, if the vehicle weighs 1 ton, then you should take a tool capable of lifting loads weighing 2.5 tons (after all, it is often necessary to perform work in extreme conditions, where there are many obstacles);

o fastening features. The mechanism can be fixed openly (on a special platform) or hidden (requires some changes in the design of the car, hidden behind the bumper). The second option is more complex, since installation of such winches requires the involvement of specialists;

o cable type. The most commonly used are steel and nylon cables. Nylon models are more popular, as they are more flexible and, in case of an unforeseen situation, will not damage the vehicle;

o rope length. The higher this indicator, the easier it will be to gain a foothold in a certain anchor.

IT IS WORTH NOTING:

In the case of electric models, one more parameter is added - power. Its value affects the performance of the device. As a result, more powerful models will be able to free the car from tight spaces faster.

Features of the operation of automobile winches

It must be remembered that a car winch is a lifting equipment, during the operation of which a number of rules must be followed. Otherwise, there is a risk of damaging the vehicle and causing serious injury. Before you start working with the device, you should take into account the following nuances:

o before starting work, it is necessary to check the cable for certain defects. In case of various damages, operation of the cable is prohibited;

o an electric winch with cable defects, traces of oxides on the contacts or damage to the motor is not allowed to be used;

o the device must be installed in accordance with the operating instructions;

o if the cable is wound unevenly, it is necessary to unwind and re-wind it onto the drum;

o before you start working with the device, you need to check the serviceability of the brake mechanism;

o the cable and fastening elements cannot be repaired - they must be replaced entirely;

o it is important to install the winch on a flat surface without cracks or distortions;

o work with equipment should be performed with thick leather gloves, which will help protect your hands from injury. Shoes must have non-slip soles;

o you cannot use automobiles under water;

You can learn more about the operating features of such lifting equipment in the article: “How to use a winch correctly?”

Alternative to winches

At the same time, if you do not have a winch, you can free the car using towing straps.

Such gear is much cheaper than a special lifting mechanism; at the same time, towing requires another vehicle. Thus, it is better to purchase a high-quality winch, which will become an indispensable assistant for all those who like to drive over rough terrain.

The only thing is that it is very important to buy lifting equipment and gear from a trusted supplier who can provide the necessary permits for their goods. This way you can avoid counterfeits and also guarantee long-term and efficient operation of winches and towing ropes.

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Winches for crossovers

Many imported SUVs are equipped with built-in winches with mechanical, hydraulic or electric drive. It is very convenient to use such devices: if you get stuck, you can unwind the cable, hook it to a tree or pole, press a button, and the machine will pull itself out of any mud or snowdrift.

There are situations when a simple hand winch is required.

For most cars, it turns out to be the only assistant when overcoming difficult terrain. There are also combination models that can be rotated manually or using a drive. When the pulling force of the winch exceeds 3-4 tons, it becomes difficult to work with it.

A manual winch for a car can be an indispensable assistant, for example, for moving cargo.

Design and principle of operation

The main design elements are:

• traction drum;
• braking device;
• reduction gear;
• safety device.

In some designs, the winch device is supplemented with various elements. Electrical systems use an electric motor to rotate the drum. To increase the traction force, special traction rollers are installed on the cable.

In powerful units, four drums are installed: the main (cargo), return, and two additional (auxiliary) drums.

The basis of such lifting systems is the following operating principle. By means of a manual or electric drive, the rope is pulled through the traction mechanism. This mechanism ensures movement at a constant speed, with uniform winding of the rope onto the drum. The winch drive is equipped with clamps and a braking system that prevents involuntary movement of the load in the opposite direction.

Mechanical winch

According to the type of drive, it is divided into lever, with a ratchet rotation mechanism, and drum, in which the force from the handle is transmitted through a gear or chain reducer. The lever winch is convenient due to its compactness.

Another undeniable advantage is that it does not need to be attached to the frame or foundation. It is enough to stretch the cable between the anchor and the load being moved, and you can apply a force from 400 kg to 4 tons. Each stroke of the lever rotates the cable spool to a certain angle, pulling the load. The only drawback is that little cable can be placed in the drum, usually 5-7 meters.

The drum winch requires stationary placement and has larger dimensions. However, this allows the use of a cable of several tens of meters. The force is multiplied by the gear ratio or chain drive. There are separate designs with a worm drive, but the essence of the application does not change.

If you have a grinder and a welding machine, even a novice craftsman can do a homemade manual winch. The entire structure is visible in the photo:

The components can be picked up from the storerooms of your workshop, or made yourself, using an angle grinder and a powerful drill. The traction force of such a design is no more than 1000 kg. In a household, nothing more is required.

In the same way, with some ingenuity, you can make a drum winch. It is enough to select a suitable pair of gears. The drum is made from a water pipe.

A three-dimensional model of the gearbox is shown in the illustration. The rest is a matter of technique and selection of materials.

IMPORTANT! When manufacturing such devices, care and design calculations are required. The destruction of the mechanism under the influence of heavy weight can lead to injuries. There is also the option of a manual winch, but this is a very extreme option

Although, in a difficult situation, such a device can help out

There is also the option of a manual winch, but this is a very extreme option. Although, in a difficult situation, such a device can help out.

Winch capacity

An automobile manual winch is characterized by its traction force, which is measured in tons. It is difficult to determine the actual load on the cable; in some cases it may break. The only real danger is the steel rope, which can hit a person. For safety reasons, a cable arrester is used. This can be a branded item or any other item suspended on a rope. Synthetic rope is more preferred. It is safe, has sufficient strength, does not get wet, does not stretch or break when wound on a small-diameter drum.

When pulling out a car, it is important to move it from its place at the very beginning. If the wheels are stuck in the mud, this is difficult to do and requires a lot of force, which sometimes even a powerful winch cannot create.

If you use a jack to lift the car and place boards or stones in the rut, significantly less shearing force will be required. Even a low-power winch can cope with this task.