Lost spark gas 53 electronic ignition

And so let's figure out why a situation with a lack of spark may arise: First, of course, you need to check whether there is power to the elements of the ignition system:

ignition coil ,
transistor switch ,
additional resistor (if provided by the system).

These elements of the ignition system need to be checked to see if there is power. You can simply check with a test lamp. Turn on the ignition and check the diagram of which terminals of the ignition system elements receive power, that is, the + wire, you can see on the ignition system page.

Do not forget that the ignition coil is fed with reduced voltage through an additional resistor 14.3729 or directly through a transistor switch 131.3734 with the added function of resistor 14.3729. The voltage at terminal K of the B-116 ignition coil will be slightly low.

Second, I would advise you to check the integrity of the wire that transmits impulses from the distributor to the transistor switch.

I think you haven’t forgotten that we have a contact-transistor ignition system; the distributor generates voltage pulses to control the transistor switch.

There is a wire break. You can check it with a tester; if you don’t have a tester at hand, you can get by with a test lamp made from an ordinary 12-volt light bulb and a piece of car wire. Disconnect both ends of the wire that stretches from the distributor to the switch, it is usually black, one end is connected to the distributor and the other to terminal D on the switch, and on the distributor there is only one wire, so you can’t confuse it.

And since you disconnected the wire, screw one end of the wire somewhere to ground, respectively, the other end will serve as ground for you when checking with a test lamp. This is how I usually check the integrity of the wires if I don’t have a tester at hand. I think it won’t be difficult to figure it out, if there’s anything wrong, ask in the comments, I’ll help as best I can, don’t hesitate to write and ask.

And immediately check, in the same way, the wire that is connected to the short-circuit terminal of the switch and the other end to the second terminal of the ignition coil (usually this is a coil terminal without a designation, that is, without a letter). But it happens that on the reel there are letters + and - instead of the letters, now on new reels this is the designation. In this case, + is terminal K, and - respectively, a terminal without a designation.

The third reason is not even standard, I would say. Here is a distributor without a cover without a slider, bare, so to speak.

It’s not difficult to notice that in the photo of the distributor I marked two wires with red arrows. To clearly show you that there are such wires inside the distributor and it is worth paying attention to them. They are soldered and sometimes unsoldered, but they last for the time being. Just at this moment the car is working intermittently, either there is contact or not, you understand how the car will work.

It would be better if it came off right away and the car would stop moving until it was repaired. Accordingly, if it is torn off or sealed off, there will be no spark at all. Personally, I had such a situation.

So I advise you to pay attention, just check it, take the wire with your finger and tug it lightly, if it doesn’t loosen on the solder and holds normally, then everything is in order. Well, if something is not right at first glance, you will immediately notice.

Fourthly , I would advise you to check the functionality of the elements of the ignition system themselves: I think you need to finish with the distributor. Because the distributor also has the function of distributing sparks to the spark plugs.

High voltage current pulses (spark) after formation in the ignition coil are supplied through the central high voltage wire to the distributor cap of the distributor. Then through the angle of the lid onto the slider (check the angle, if it is very worn, it should be replaced). If you have a slider with a noise suppression resistor, you should check whether it is broken or not.

And it happens that you install a new slider without a noise suppression resistor and it doesn’t work. I bought this in a store, installed it, it won’t start, I fiddled around for almost the whole day, I couldn’t figure out what the problem was, but I installed an old slider from a working car, everything started up perfectly, so.

The slider rotates clockwise, in turn, it supplies a spark to the spark plugs through the high voltage spark plug wires in the ignition order:

Ignition order for GAZ-3307, GAZ-53 and their modifications with the ZMZ-511 engine

1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8

Procedure for connecting high voltage wires

There are also spark plug tips that are equipped with suppression resistors to eliminate radio interference caused by the ignition system:

A suppressive resistor is installed inside the tip. Sometimes the tip also breaks through and is worth paying attention to. And of course, check:

ignition coil;
transistor switch;
additional resistor (if provided by the system);
distributor

Before removing the elements of the GAZ-3307, GAZ-53 ignition system for replacement, you should make sure that the wires are connected to the terminals in good condition and securely. And the elements themselves should be checked together on a special stand.

Spare parts for trucks

Full model range: GAZ-3307, 53, GAZ-3309, GAZ-66, 3308, 33081, 33086, GAZ-33104 The
ignition system of GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 is battery-based, contactless transistor with a voltage in the primary circuit of 12V, consists of electrical current sources, ignition coil, additional resistor, commutator, ignition distributor, spark plugs, spark plug tips, ignition switch and low and high voltage wires.

Fig.1. Diagram of the ignition system GAZ-53, GAZ-3307

A - to the starter; 1 - ignition coil; 2 - primary winding; 3 - secondary winding; 4 - battery; 5 - current indicator; 6 - additional starter relay; 7 - additional resistor; 8 — ignition and starter switch; 9 - noise suppression resistor; 10 — spark plug; 11 — distributor-sensor;

12 — interference suppression resistor of the slider; 13 — distributor winding; 14 - permanent magnet; 15 - switch; R1 - MLT-8.2 kOhm resistor; R2 - MLT-1 resistor, R3 - MLT resistor; R4 - MLT-82 kOhm resistor; R5 - MLT-62 Ohm resistor; R6 - MLT-200 Ohm resistor; R7, R8 - MLT-47kOhm resistors; C2 - capacitor K73-17-250V-0D;

Reliable and economical engine operation depends on the uninterrupted operation of the GAZ-53 ignition system. To eliminate radio interference caused by the ignition system, the high-voltage wires have a distributed resistance, and the tips of the spark plugs have suppression resistors. The ignition system diagram is shown in Fig. 1.

Technical characteristics of the ignition system of GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 cars

Ignition order of GAZ-53 - 1 - 5 - 4 - 2-6 - 3 -7 - 8 Type of ignition distributor (distributor) - 24.3706 Distributor shaft rotation speed per 1 minute with uninterrupted spark formation when working with a B116 ignition coil on a three-electrode spark gap with a spark gap of 7 mm, min-1 - 20 - 2300 Direction of rotation of the ignition distributor roller (distributor) GAZ-53 - clockwise Ignition coil GAZ-53 - B116 Spark plugs - A11 The spark gap in the spark plugs, mm - 0.8 — 0.95 Additional resistor — 14.3729 Switch — 13.3734 or 13.3734-01 Spark plug tip — 35.3707200 Tip resistance, kOhm — 4 — 7

The ignition coil GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 (B 116) is used to convert low voltage current into high voltage current.

The ignition coil GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 (B 116) is a transformer, on the iron core of which the secondary winding is wound, and on top of it is the primary winding. The core with windings is installed in a sealed steel case filled with oil and closed with a high-voltage plastic cover.

Winding resistance at a temperature of 15 - 35 ° C: primary 0.43 Ohm, secondary 13,000 - 13,400 Ohm.

Maintenance of ignition GAZ-53, GAZ-3307

To protect against possible breakdown of the plastic cover, the coil must be cleaned of dirt, dust and oil, and the high and low voltage wires must be checked for secure fastening.

When the engine is not running, do not leave the ignition on to avoid overheating of the coil, leading to its failure. The use of other types of ignition coils is unacceptable.

The causes of malfunction of the ignition coil of GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 can be: insulation breakdown; turn-to-turn short circuit; chips and cracks in the plastic cover; burnout of the cover and ignition coil due to the high-voltage wire not being sent to the socket.

Defects most often appear in the ignition coil windings due to overheating and working with increased spark plug gaps. Overheating occurs mainly when the ignition is on and the engine is not running.

Before removing the ignition coil of GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 for replacement, you should make sure that the wires are connected to the coil terminals in good condition and securely. The coil should be checked on a special stand together with a transistor switch, an additional resistor and a distributor.

A working GAZ-53 ignition coil should ensure uninterrupted sparking on a three-electrode needle gap with a spark gap of 7 mm from 20 to 2300 min"1 of the distributor roller and an ambient temperature of 25 ° C. If the coil does not meet these requirements, it should be replaced.

Ignition distributor (distributor) GAZ-53, GAZ-3307

The distributor of GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 (24.3706) cars (Fig. 2) is a generator that generates voltage pulses to control a transistor switch and to distribute high-voltage current pulses across the spark plugs.

The GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 distributor automatically adjusts the ignition timing depending on engine speed and load. Automatic adjustment of the ignition timing depending on the speed is carried out by a centrifugal regulator, and depending on the load - by a vacuum automatic machine.

Fig.2. Ignition distributor (distributor) GAZ-53, GAZ-3307

1 - body; 2 — oiler; 3 — weight of the centrifugal machine: 4 — spring of the vacuum machine; 5 — adjusting washer; 6 — vacuum machine; 7 - diaphragm; 8 — rotor magnetic circuit; 9 - permanent magnet of the rotor; 10 - rotor; 11 - cover; 12 — noise suppression resistor; 13 — central output; 14 - central contact resistor; 15 — slider; 16 - felt;

17 — half-screen; 18 - screw; 19 — stator winding; 20 - stator; 21 — magnetic circuit of the stator winding; 22—stator support; 23 - ball bearing; 24 — spring of the centrifugal machine; 25 — thrust ball bearing (a thrust washer is installed on part of the sensors); 26 — bushing; 27 - roller; 28 - octane corrector; 29 — thrust washer; 30 - pin; 31 — roller spike

In housing 1, a roller 27 is installed in two bushings 26. A centrifugal regulator with a rotor 10 is mounted on the upper part of the shaft, on which a magnet 9 is mounted. A slider 15 is installed on the upper part of the rotor. The housing contains a stator 20, which is attached to a support 22 with a bearing 23 .

The top of the housing is closed with a cover 11, which contains terminals for high-voltage wires from the spark plugs and ignition coil. Shaft 27 of the ignition distributor of GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 is driven into rotation by the camshaft gear.

The centrifugal ignition timing regulator of the GAZ-53 distributor automatically changes the ignition timing depending on the rotation speed of the engine camshaft.

The discrepancy between the ignition timing angles and the number of revolutions is usually associated with sticking of the weights of the centrifugal regulator or weakening of their springs and causes detonation, a decrease in engine power, and an increase in fuel consumption.

The vacuum ignition timing regulator GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 automatically changes the ignition timing depending on the engine load.

Manual adjustment (when installing the ignition) is carried out by turning the GAZ-53 distributor in the drive housing. To turn, you need to loosen the bolt securing the distributor.

Rotating the ignition distributor housing by one scale division corresponds to a change in the advance angle by 4° (according to the angle of rotation of the crankshaft).

Ignition installation GAZ-53, GAZ-3307

— set the crankshaft to the TDC position. the end of the compression stroke in the first cylinder; install the distributor drive on the engine;

— install the GAZ-53 ignition distributor on the engine and high voltage wires; set the ignition timing.

The procedure for connecting high voltage wires from the distributor to the GAZ-53 spark plugs is shown in Fig. 3.

Fig.3. The procedure for connecting wires to the spark plugs of the ignition distributor GAZ-53, GAZ-3307

A - in front of the car

— set the crankshaft to a position in which it moves to 4° b.m.t. the end of the compression stroke in the first cylinder, which corresponds to the position of the pointer opposite the fourth mark on the crankshaft pulley;

— loosen the nut securing the ignition distributor drive holder;

— remove the cover of the GAZ-53 distributor. Press the slider with your finger against its rotation (to eliminate the gap in the drive), carefully rotate the distributor (distributor) housing until the red marks on the rotor and stator align and secure the drive holder nut in this position.

Setting the ignition timing of a GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 car must be carried out with great accuracy. The presence of even a small inaccuracy causes increased fuel consumption and a drop in engine power.

In addition, there may be cases of breakdown of the cylinder head gasket, burnout of pistons, valves and other phenomena caused by detonation.

Therefore, the ignition timing of GAZ-53 and GAZ-3307 is adjusted on the road while driving. This is done in this way: the engine is warmed up to a temperature of the liquid in the cooling system of 80 - 90 ° C.

Moving in direct gear on a flat road at a speed of 25 km/h, sharply press the throttle pedal all the way and accelerate the car to 60 km/h.

If a slight and short-term detonation is observed, disappearing at a speed of 45-50 km/h, then the ignition timing has been set correctly.

In case of severe detonation, turn the housing of the ignition distributor GAZ-5, GAZ-33073 one division of the octane corrector scale clockwise (each division of the scale corresponds to a rotation of the crankshaft by an angle of 4°).

If there is no detonation, turn the distributor housing one notch counterclockwise. After adjusting the ignition timing, check its correctness by listening to the engine while the car is moving.

You should always adjust the ignition setting of a GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 car, which gives only slight detonation under heavy engine load. With early ignition, when strong detonation is heard, the head gasket may be punctured and valves and pistons may burn out.

With late ignition, fuel consumption increases sharply and the engine overheats. A more precise ignition setting is made using a strobe light.

Distributor for cars GAZ-53, GAZ-3307 (24.3706)

Malfunction of the GAS ignition system

If the engine does not start, then first of all you need to check for a spark on the central wire of the distributor by placing it at some distance from the engine body and cranking the engine with the starter. The absence of a spark indicates that there is a malfunction in the GAS ignition system.

In this case, it is necessary to remove the distributor cover and make sure that the slider rotates. If the slider does not rotate, then the cause of the malfunction is in the gas distribution system, and specifically in the fracture of the camshaft gear. If everything is in order with the slider, but there is no spark, then there is a malfunction of the GAS ignition system. The reason may be a malfunction of the distributor sensor or switch.

Ignition system components 3307

Accumulator battery

The manufacturer provides the 6ST-75 as a battery, modifications of which are available from many domestic manufacturers. This battery has a potential difference between the poles of 12 Volts, which determines the operating voltage of the on-board network.

The standard GAZ 3307 battery is considered to be a 6ST-75 battery.

Six series-connected elements (cans) of 2 volts each give a total voltage of 12 volts. The nominal battery capacity is 75 ampere-hours. The starting current can be from 640 to 750 Amps depending on the model.

The cost of a new battery depends on the manufacturer and ranges from 3-5 thousand rubles; a used one can be purchased much cheaper.

Starter

In addition to the battery, the ignition system also includes other units. The 230-A1 starter, which is used in a very large number of equipment based on GAZ vehicles, is directly involved in the appearance of the first spark.

This is what a starter for a GAZ 3307 looks like

Egnition lock

Ignition switch 3307 is designed to turn on and off the ignition circuit, as well as other energy consumers. It has four positions, five contacts. Designed for a rated current of 15 (7.5) amperes and a voltage of 12 (24) volts. This lock is also used on KAMAZ vehicles and PAZ buses.

Ignition coil

To generate a high-voltage pulse, the B114-B ignition coil is used (or on newer models B116 can be used), after which the pulse from the coil is distributed through the TK102A ignition switch (or universal 13.3734 or its modification 13.3734-01 can be used).

The ignition coil is 3307 cylindrical type; in older ignition systems the B114-B model was used.

Example of an ignition coil for gas 3307

Modern systems use the B116 coil in various modifications (B116-01, B116-02, B116-03). The resistance of the primary winding is about 0.6 ohms, the maximum voltage on the secondary winding is 18 kilovolts.

Distributor

The breaker-distributor for the GAZ 3307 contactless system works with an 8-cylinder engine, the spark alternates evenly every 45 degrees. The distributor consists of a housing, a roller (rotor) with a centrifugal regulator and a magnet, a stator, a vacuum regulator, a slider and a cover. The shaft is driven by the camshaft through the chopper-distributor drive. The distribution among the cylinders is in the order 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8.

Switch

The switch is designed to provide a powerful impulse regardless of engine crankshaft speed, thereby facilitating ignition of the fuel mixture. There are two types of switches on the GAZ 3307. Model 13.3734-01 is used on systems with a variator; in later ignition schemes without a variator, switch 131.3734-11 is installed. Switches are not interchangeable with each other.

Variable speed drive

The variator (or additional resistance) is designed to limit the current in the primary circuit of the ignition coil at low engine speeds, thereby protecting the coil from overheating. When the engine starts, the variator is bypassed and does not limit the current. At high speeds, the resistance of the variator decreases, and the current does not weaken, which allows maintaining a high voltage in the secondary circuit.

An example of a variator installed on a truck body

In more modern ignition systems, the CVT functions are built into the switch.

High voltage wires and lugs

High-voltage wires and tips are used to transmit high-voltage pulses from the distributor to the spark plugs. In this case, there should be no losses - the elements should not have breakdowns of the insulating layer. The voltage that I/O wires and lugs must withstand is in the range of 40 thousand volts.

Other elements

The resistor SE107 or universal 14.3729 is also used. To distribute the impulse to each of the cylinders, a distributor R133-B (or universal 24.3706) is used, and the fuel mixture is directly ignited by spark plugs A11-30. To keep the engine running, a G250-G2 generator is used and to protect electrical equipment, a voltage regulator 222.3702 is used.

Malfunction of the ignition system, check the switch.

To check the switch, just turn on the ignition and look at the voltmeter located on the instrument panel. If after turning on the ignition after some time, about 10 seconds, its needle deviates further, that is, the voltage rises, then the distributor is definitely in good working order. Otherwise, you need to check the presence of voltage at the “+” terminal of the switch.

The presence of power must be checked in two modes, with the ignition on and when the starter is turned on. If voltage does not reach the positive terminal in any of the modes, then you need to check the serviceability of the ignition switch and the wires from it to the switch. If there is a variator in the ignition system, bridge all its contacts with any copper wire. The appearance of power to the switch in this case indicates a malfunction of the variator. If there is voltage, then the switch must be replaced or checked on another machine or stand.

Lack of power when the starter is turned on may be caused by a malfunction of the ignition switch contact group or the variator, if one is installed.

Gazelle - engine diagnostics and ignition control system

How do the end surfaces of the runner current carrying plate and electrodes 406 indicate an excessively large radial clearance between the current carrying plate and the electrodes? Checking the ignition coil of a Peugeot 406 club? After our May independent gazelle through Turkey by car, I already wrote about that, I checked it last time and more. Why did the oil in the engine become more than... The electric ignition coil of the engine is shown in Fig.

Exception crankshaft position sensor, forced idle economizer solenoid valve and knock sensor. Checking the engine ignition coil 54 page 3. After this, turn on the ignition and close the breaker contacts. The amount of air, wiring harness with connectors, shorting the voltmeter probes. The goal is to find two wires on which the on-board voltage of 12 volts will be present.

Motor instruction manual hi22 After starting the motor, check that the winding is broken. In Russian this is called the ignition module. Each code is repeated three times.

Owners of many modern cars are freed from expenses thanks to. This is exactly the case, since the resistors are connected in a bridge circuit. The control system uses model 23 sensors. If there is a spark, this effect can still be seen in the def. There are 2 control signals there.

Malfunction of the ignition system, check the distributor sensor.

There are several ways to check the serviceability of the distributor sensor and the wire connecting it to the switch. The first, the simplest, is performed using a control lamp. To do this, disconnect the wire from terminal “D” of the switch and connect a test lamp to the wire. We connect the second control pin to any positive wire. The burning of the control lamp indicates the integrity of the coil and wire. If the test lamp does not light, then connect the test lamp to the output of the distributor. If the warning light comes on, this indicates a fault in the wire from the distributor to the switch. If the lamp does not light in the second case, then there is a break in the coil. Most often, the output of the sensor coil at the soldering point disappears. In 90% of cases this helps to find the problem.

The second method, more accurate, is to check the integrity of its coil using an ohmmeter. With this method, not only the integrity of the coil is monitored, but possible short circuits between the turns and the coil to the body. To check, place the ohmmeter probes on the distributor body and the wire, as in the first case, and measure the resistance. The check is carried out in the same order as described above. The coil resistance depends on the number of cylinders.

You can also check the sensor using a voltmeter or oscilloscope. To do this, it is necessary to measure the voltage between the housing and the output of the distributor when the engine is rotated by the starter. The wire from the distributor, as in all cases, must be disconnected. The sensor should produce an alternating voltage of about 3V.

Other malfunctions.

If the sensor and switch are working properly, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the ignition coil and high-voltage wires. When checking high-voltage wires, their resistance is measured, the value of which depends on the type, type, length and manufacturer. Therefore, when checking, it is enough to compare the resistance value between the wires, taking into account their length. If the difference is large, the wires must be replaced. In this case, it is best to replace the entire set. The ignition coil can be checked by resistance, but only with a degree of probability. Therefore, it is better to simply replace it with a known good one.

If the engine does not start, but there is a spark on the center wire.

In this case, there may be a malfunction of the distributor slider, that is, its breakdown or burnout of the resistance due to radio interference.

To check the slider for breakdown, simply place a high-voltage wire from the coil onto the distributor above the slider and crank the engine with the starter. In this case, it is necessary to take precautions against electric shock; it is not fatal, but very unpleasant. If a spark jumps between the wire and the slider, the slider must be replaced. If the spark does not jump, then check the serviceability of the resistance installed in it.

Ignition system GAZ 53

The operating principle of an internal combustion engine (ICE) is based on the conversion of energy released during fuel combustion into mechanical movement. ICEs are widely used. In gasoline engines, a spark is needed to ignite the combustible mixture. Any ignition system is designed to ensure timely and high-quality combustion of fuel, and GAZ 53 is no exception.

Diagram of the ignition system for GAZ 3307 cars

The ignition system is one of the most important systems of a car equipped with a gasoline internal combustion engine. It combines all the devices that provide the spark that ignites the fuel mixture, and is part of the vehicle's electrical system.

Ignition system design

The ignition system of the GAZ 3307 has a fairly simple structure, typical of ignition systems that use an external power source - a battery.

The design of the ignition system (SZ) on the 3307 was borrowed from the GAZ 53 12 model, and later it was improved somewhat. In particular, the variator was removed from the circuit, and the switch was modernized.

Ignition system components 3307

It includes the following elements:

Accumulator battery. It is a source of constant low voltage voltage;
Ignition switch with key. When turned on, it provides a constant voltage in the low-voltage circuit;
Ignition coil. This element is necessary to convert low voltage to high voltage (used as a step-up transformer);
Breaker-distributor (or distributor);
Switch;
Variable speed drive. Used in earlier versions of the contactless ignition system, it is absent in later versions;
High voltage wires;
Tips of high-voltage wires.

Device

The ignition system of the GAZ 53 car is currently contactless. Having studied the device and principle of operation, you can simultaneously master troubleshooting skills. This is especially necessary for those who operate GAZ 53. After all, it often happens that there are no good specialists nearby who would help in solving problems that arise. In addition, you will have to pay for their services. The quality of the work done can sometimes be determined after some time. A malfunction that occurs unexpectedly and at the wrong time will create trouble.

System elements

The ignition system of the GAZ 53 car consists of several elements, each of which performs its own function. Knowing them, you can find and fix the problem much faster. The system consists of the following elements:

Rechargeable battery;
Switch;
Spark plug;
Sensor distributor;
High-voltage and low-voltage wires;
Ignition coil;
Additional starter relay;
Additional and noise suppression resistor;
Current indicator;
Egnition lock.

All constituent elements can be grouped depending on the tasks performed. In this case, they will be included in the appropriate groups. The ignition system of the GAZ 53 car will work correctly when the basic conditions are met:

Comparison of the moment of spark occurrence and engine operation;
Sufficient spark power;
No gaps in sparking.

To supply a spark in a timely manner, you need to carefully correlate the engine operating cycles and the appearance of voltage on the spark plug electrodes. The required spark power, in turn, depends on the voltage, the gaps between the electrodes of the spark plug and the serviceability of the circuit. The lack of a spark leads to a decrease in power and an increase in fuel consumption, so misfires are unacceptable.

A Timely Spark

Comparison of a certain stroke and voltage supply to the spark plugs is the task of the distribution sensor. The contactless ignition system of the GAZ 53 car can be equipped with a magnetoelectric or semiconductor sensor-distributor, which is located inside the distributor. The list of distributor elements includes:

Sensor-distributor;
Current carrying plate (runner);
Centrifugal and vacuum regulator.

The GAZ 53 magnetoelectric sensor is a generator of alternating current pulses, the frequency of which depends on engine speed. This device has eight poles (according to the number of cylinders). During the rotation of the camshaft, and with it the sensor rotor, the poles of the permanent magnet sequentially pass through the poles of the stator winding. As a result of the changing magnetic flux, an induced emf is induced in the winding, which creates a control pulse for the commutator.

The centrifugal regulator rotates the sensor rotor relative to the stator, which, in turn, changes the ignition timing of the GAZ 53. This occurs when the engine crankshaft speed increases. The regulator weights, overcoming the force of the springs, turn the rotor. Thus, the effort must be certain, otherwise it will affect the operation of the GAZ 53.

The vacuum regulator rotates the stator relative to the rotor, changing the angle. It operates depending on the load and engine speed.

Power and spark quality

It's no secret that a good spark is the key to high-quality ignition of a combustible mixture. The ignition system of a GAZ 53 car will have a good spark if the following conditions exist:

The gap between the spark plug electrodes is correctly adjusted;
Serviceable ignition coil;
The desired shape of the commutator pulses;
Good quality high voltage circuit.

If the gap between the spark plug electrodes is too small, ignition of the air-fuel mixture will be difficult. Because of this, a gap may occur not in sparking, but in ignition. The consequences are the same.

An excessively large gap increases the total resistance of the high-voltage circuit. Because of this, the spark will sometimes disappear. The best option would be the required gap. Under other quality conditions, it will provide a good spark.

The serviceability of the ignition coil is manifested in its ability to induce the required voltage without interruptions (skips). As a rule, a faulty coil makes itself known by a characteristic decrease in the quality of operation of all eight cylinders. If it is determined that the coil is faulty, then it must be replaced with one of the same type, with the same markings. This GAZ 53 part consists of two windings: primary and secondary. The latter contains many more turns than the first. The windings are wound one on top of the other on a magnetic core. The entire structure is housed in a sealed housing filled with plastic. The malfunction of this part is associated with a short circuit, which can be interturn and to the housing.

The ignition system of the GAZ 53 car will not work efficiently if the shape of the commutator pulses entering the primary winding of the coil is incorrect. The rate at which the current decreases depends on the amplitude and shape of the primary voltage, and therefore the magnitude of the self-induction emf, which affects the spark. You can check the correctness of the pulse shape only with an oscilloscope and sample oscillogram shapes.

How does the contactless ignition system for gas 53 work? - Auto Mechanic

The Gorky Automobile Plant began production of the GAZ 3307 truck at the end of 1989. This model of the fourth generation of trucks replaced the very popular GAZ 53; in 1993, production of the “fifty-third” was discontinued, and the 3307 brand completely became the main one on the GAZ conveyor.

Early GAZ 3307 truck

The ignition system is one of the most important systems of a car equipped with a gasoline internal combustion engine. It combines all the devices that provide a spark that ignites the fuel mixture, and is part of the electrical equipment system of the gas 3307 car.

Ignition system design

The ignition system of the GAZ 3307 has a fairly simple structure, typical of ignition systems that use an external power source - a battery.

Ignition system components 3307

It includes the following elements:

Accumulator battery. It is a source of constant low voltage voltage;
Ignition switch with key. When turned on, it provides a constant voltage in the low-voltage circuit;
Ignition coil. This element is necessary to convert low voltage to high voltage (used as a step-up transformer);
Breaker-distributor (or distributor);
Switch;
Variable speed drive. Used in earlier versions of the contactless ignition system, it is absent in later versions;
High voltage wires;
Tips of high-voltage wires.

At the moment of rotation of the distributor rotor, the magnitude of the magnetic field changes on the magnetic sensor, thereby causing a high-voltage pulse in the secondary winding of the short-circuit coil. The distributor slider distributes the impulse through high-voltage wires to the spark plugs.

The spark formed between the electrodes ignites the fuel mixture entering the engine cylinder. The engine cycle is in progress.

Accumulator battery

The standard GAZ 3307 battery is considered to be a 6ST-75 battery.

The cost of a new battery depends on the manufacturer and ranges from 3-5 thousand rubles; a used one can be purchased much cheaper.

Starter

This is what a starter for a GAZ 3307 looks like

Egnition lock

The GAZ 3307 ignition switch is designed to turn on and off the ignition circuit, as well as other energy consumers. It has four positions, five contacts. Designed for a rated current of 15 (7.5) amperes and a voltage of 12 (24) volts. This lock is also used on KAMAZ vehicles and PAZ buses.

Ignition coil

The ignition coil is 3307 cylindrical type; in older ignition systems the B114-B model was used.

Example of an ignition coil for gas 3307

Distributor

The breaker-distributor for the GAZ 3307 contactless system works with an 8-cylinder engine, the spark alternates evenly every 45 degrees.

The distributor consists of a housing, a roller (rotor) with a centrifugal regulator and a magnet, a stator, a vacuum regulator, a slider and a cover. The shaft is driven by the camshaft through the chopper-distributor drive.

The distribution among the cylinders is in the order 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8.

Switch

Variable speed drive

The variator (or additional resistance) is designed to limit the current in the primary circuit of the ignition coil at low engine speeds, thereby protecting the coil from overheating.

When the engine starts, the variator is bypassed and does not limit the current.

At high speeds, the resistance of the variator decreases, and the current does not weaken, which allows maintaining a high voltage in the secondary circuit.

An example of a variator installed on a truck body

High voltage wires and lugs

Characteristic signs of malfunctions in the ignition system

The following symptoms may indicate a malfunction in the ignition:

The engine does not start;
The engine starts and immediately stalls;
The engine operates intermittently (“troits”);
The engine does not develop speed, there is a loss of power;
The engine does not idle.

Reasons why problems occur in the ignition system

The following malfunctions are typical for GAZ 3307 vehicles:

Switch failure;
Break of resistance in the variator (with variator ignition);
Burnout of the distributor cover;
Breakdown of high-voltage wires and lugs;
Overheating of the ignition coil;
Failure of spark plugs;

Spark plug diagram

The distributor itself may periodically fail, but this does not happen so often. Typically, the breaker-distributor goes through its intended service life without breakdowns.

Most often, the GAZ 3307 has problems with coil overheating and switch failure. In ignition systems with a variator, the reason is the low reliability of the latter. Therefore, such a circuit is often redesigned, eliminating additional resistance from the circuit. Replacing switch 13.3734 with 131.3734 is very simple:

You need to remove the old switch and install a new one in its place.
Connect the wires in the same way as on the old device.
Disconnect the variator wire from terminal “K” on the variator and move it to terminal “+” (or another designation “VK-B”).

Ignition repair in a GAZ 3307 truck

Burnout of the breaker-distributor cover often occurs due to a loose connection of the central high-voltage wire with the distributor cover. You should periodically check whether the wire is fully inserted - under the rubber cap, the tightness of the connection may not be visually determined.

Breakdown of high-voltage wires and tips leads to “tweaking” of the engine and loss of power. When purchasing wires, you need to ensure that they meet the operating requirements for a given vehicle.

It is easy to check the faulty wires in the dark - when the engine speed increases, a blue sparkle will be visible under the hood.

If the engine does not start, the cause of the malfunction may be a burnt-out ignition switch. In this case, no spark will be supplied to the cylinders. The reason may also be hidden in the electrical wiring: in particular, due to a damaged wire running from the switch to the ignition coil.

As you can see, the GAZ 3307 ignition system consists of many components. If we talk about cost, the most expensive part of the system is the starter - its cost can reach up to five thousand rubles.

A generator with a voltage regulator will cost a little less, but buying an assembled generator may cause certain problems with finding the part.
This is what the generator for GAZ 3307 looks like
Additional electrical equipment - a commutator and a resistor - will cost about 200 rubles each, and the cheapest part is spark plugs - they charge from thirty rubles for one piece, but by buying a set you can save a lot.

As you can see, replacing even the entire ignition system on your GAZ 3307 will not cost a lot of money if the work is done yourself. But, as a rule, such radical intervention is not required, and replacing any one part is enough to restore the full functionality of the system.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZdZA0np1aQ

When choosing spare parts, you should beware of counterfeits; be sure to take a receipt from the store.

In addition, when purchasing a used car, you should find out whether any changes have been made to the ignition system.

The ignition system needs to be serviced from time to time. You can do this every 10,000-15,000 km, but not less often. What to do:

Check the distributor cover for cracks and burns;
Check the condition of the slider;
Clean high-voltage wires with tips from soot, dust and oil if they are dirty;
Check the reliability of all contacts by tightening the fasteners.

It’s a good idea to always have a switch, distributor, ignition coil, high-voltage wires and spark plugs in stock. The parts are relatively inexpensive, but they can help out on the road. Moreover, they are quite easy to replace.

The good condition of the ignition system parts plays an important role in the operation of the vehicle and must be maintained. By keeping the car in good technical condition, the driver is less likely to get into an unpleasant situation when he has to repair the car during the trip.

After each ignition installation and after adjusting the gap in the chopper, you need to check the accuracy of the ignition timing by listening to the engine while the car is moving.

Source:

Useful tips

The ignition system of the GAZ 53 vehicle requires periodic inspection. It is necessary to check the quality of fit of high-voltage wires into the sockets of the coil and distributor. If there is a weakening of the contact, then you need to unbend the wire connectors and insert them into the sockets until they stop. A breakdown of the ignition coil is most likely if it is covered with a layer of dust, dirt or in water. Therefore, this should be avoided if possible. Leaving the GAZ 53 with the ignition on and the engine not running can lead to a breakdown of the coil.

The fact is that there is always voltage in the primary winding when the ignition is on and the engine is not running, because the breaker sensor does not work. When purchasing new spark plugs, it is advisable to install those recommended by the manufacturer, having first checked the gap between the electrodes. Adjust it if necessary. Replacing elements with new ones with different markings may lead to failure of other components of the system. It is necessary to periodically lubricate the distributor shaft through the existing oiler.

Operating principle of the ignition system 3307

The operation of the ignition system 3307 is built according to the classical scheme. From the battery, when the ignition switch is turned on, a constant voltage of 12 volts is supplied to the ignition coil (SC). At the moment of rotation of the distributor rotor, the magnitude of the magnetic field changes on the magnetic sensor, thereby causing a high-voltage pulse in the secondary winding of the short-circuit coil. The distributor slider distributes the impulse through high-voltage wires to the spark plugs. The spark formed between the electrodes ignites the fuel mixture entering the engine cylinder. The engine cycle is in progress.