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AMT transmission - pros and cons

An article about automated manual transmission - design, advantages and disadvantages, features of operation. At the end of the article there is a video about what AMT is using the Lada Xray as an example.

For more than two decades, debate has raged about the advantages and disadvantages of automatic and manual transmissions. But not so long ago, car enthusiasts received the long-awaited “compromise option”: a gearbox appeared and began to quickly gain popularity, which has the advantages of both a manual transmission and an “automatic” one - the so-called AMT, or manual transmission (robotic gearbox).

To better understand what its pros and cons are for driving a car, let’s look at the design of the module.

What does the APS mark on your license mean?

The APS (acoustic parking system only) mark on your driver's license requires the installation of parking sensors (proximity sensors to obstacles) in the car you will drive. At the same time, in the description of the APS mark there is no discussion of whether the car should be equipped with front parking sensors or only rear ones.

The APS mark makes it possible for people with poor vision due to certain diseases to drive a car, when it is not possible to correctly determine the distance to objects from the eyes.

Manual transmission device

Mainly, only two types of transmissions are used in the design of cars: manual and automatic. But in addition to these two main types of torque transmission devices, in recent years, automobile designers have developed and implemented a number of modifications that represent an “intermediate link” between “pure” mechanics and “pure” automatic transmission.

AMT (automated manual transmission) belongs to the family of such “intermediate” types of transmissions.

In fact, the design and operating principle of AMT is much closer to a manual transmission than to an automatic transmission. This can be understood even from the very name of the device: the main emphasis here is the mechanical transmission, it’s just automated. We can say that AMT is the same “mechanics” that is controlled using electronics.

The clutch drive in AMT is either electric or hydraulic, depending on the design features of the transmission. In the first case, the clutch drive is powered by an electric motor and the main gear, in the second - by means of hydraulic cylinders controlled by solenoid valves.

The speed of gear shifting with a hydraulic drive is an order of magnitude faster than with an electric drive.

. But the cost of hydraulic-based AMT is significantly higher, so it is used mainly in luxury or sports car models.

The AMT control system includes the following components:

Control block;
gear shift mechanisms
numerous sensors from which the control unit receives signals about the state of the vehicle and the movement process.

Special mention should be made of the sensors that ensure timely AMT switching. The system uses information from a large number of tracking devices, in particular:

ESP sensor;
ABS sensor;
crankshaft rotation sensor;
vehicle speed sensor;
engine speed sensor.

AMT can operate in both computer and manual mode. In the first case, modes are switched in accordance with the information received from the sensors and on-board computer. In the second, the driver switches AMT using the steering column switches or the selector lever.

Registration of a bank guarantee: how it happens

Registration of a bank guarantee takes place in six stages.

Bank selection
Preparation of documents
Consideration of the application by the bank
Conclusion of an agreement with the bank
Payment for bank services
Issuance of a bank guarantee

Procedure for obtaining a bank guarantee

A bank guarantee is issued in the following sequence. 1. First, you need to decide on a bank. The Ministry of Finance list can help with this. You can also use a bank where you already have a current account.

2. The next step is to prepare the documents. The bank needs to understand the degree of your solvency; for this, the following documents will be required:

application for a bank guarantee
all information about the company
extract from the register (for a period of no more than 30 days from the date of application)
accounting report for the last year
a copy of the contract or complete tender information.

If the bank requests additional documents, then most likely a positive decision has been made on your application.

3. The next step is the bank’s consideration of your application. It usually takes 5-10 days. Once the bank makes a decision, an agreement is concluded.

4. It is important to carefully read all the clauses of the contract if you are happy with everything about signing the contract.

5. The agreement has been signed, now you need to pay the bank for services.

6. After receiving confirmation of payment, the bank issues you the following documents: - BG; — a document confirming the provision of a guarantee; - extract from the BG register

Required documents

Undoubtedly, the bank will need an extensive package of documents. This is due to the fact that the bank risks its own funds and must make sure of the reliability of the company and the positive reputation of the client.

Please note that the packages of necessary documents for registration of a bank account may differ from bank to bank, but the main ones are: - questionnaire, application; — copies of the TIN, an extract from the register issued no more than 30 days ago; — a notarized copy of the minutes of the constituent meeting, a copy of the registration certificate; — a current list of all LLC participants and copies of their passports; — copies of licenses and certificates; — lease agreements or ownership of premises; — copies of documents authorizing the manager and chief accountant, as well as their passports; — a copy of the draft of the secured transaction; — balance sheet, profit and loss report for the last year; — financial statements for the last six months; - with the simplified tax system, you need a declaration of income and expenses for the last year, with UTII - a tax return - a certificate of absence of debts; — audit report, etc.

The bank may also require copies of documentation on successfully completed similar contracts and confirmation of the company’s reliability.

Advantages of AMT

The robotic gearbox appeared not so long ago, but has already managed to win an impressive army of fans. Those who drive a car with AMT claim that driving with such a gearbox is comfortable and highly convenient.

Car owners and experts point out the following advantages of AMT:

Reliability of the design.

Moreover, bench and field tests clearly demonstrate that AMT is definitely more reliable than both automatic and CVT gear shift systems.

Oil saving

(compared to a CVT transmission). AMT requires 2 to 3 liters of oil to operate. Compare these figures with the 7 liters that are required to operate a CVT transmission, and the benefits of using AMT will become obvious.

Fuel economy.

The use of an automated manual transmission can significantly save fuel. Statistics say that such savings can be up to thirty percent - almost a third!

Number of gears.

The number of gears in a robotic gearbox corresponds to the number of gears of a classic manual transmission.

Possibility of repair.

The fact that the AMT is based on classical mechanics allows it to be repaired without any particular difficulties. Almost any car repair specialist who is familiar with manual transmission repairs will be able to handle such repairs. Of course, problems with failed automatic and computer parts can significantly complicate repairs, but if something is wrong with the mechanical part, a visit to a regular car repair shop is usually sufficient.

Against the backdrop of stories about how a breakdown of an automatic transmission leads to the need to get rid of the car, such reliability and repairability are extremely reassuring.

Safety and clutch life.

Compared to a manual transmission, the clutch life of the robotic gearbox has increased by almost forty percent. This is not only savings, but also, what is much more important, an increased level of safety for the entire car as a whole.

Possibility of manual switching.

When operating a car in urban conditions, especially in large populated areas, where traffic jams are not uncommon, but a sad everyday occurrence, the ability to manually change gears came in handy.

This AMT function is also pleasing in cases where the car is forced to constantly overcome steep ascents and descents.

Advantages and Disadvantages of SBLC

SBLC has a more universal, convenient and less complex procedure for processing documents and conducting international trade transactions
A standby letter of credit allows original documents to be sent directly from the sender to the recipient and used immediately from the moment the goods arrive.
SBLC allows for faster and less stringent document verification.
The procedure for checking original documents by banks takes about 10 days.
Often, in cases of short sea transportation, the cargo arrives at the port of destination earlier than the documents accompanying the transaction. For delivery and customs clearance of goods, you will need to provide the original bill of lading.
The use of a letter of credit is not only a direct form of payment, but also a financing tool in some circumstances, which an SBLC is not. Regarding the disadvantages, the SBLC is less reliable for the buyer than a letter of credit, but it strikes the right balance between the parties to the transaction.
Another disadvantage is its “novelty”, which makes it uncertain due to the small number of judicial precedents.
Still, the advantages of an SBLC relative to a conventional letter of credit as a protection against non-payment outweigh the disadvantages, especially in the case of repeated standard transactions in the trading relationship between the recipient and the seller. For one-time transactions, a regular letter of credit is more profitable.

Disadvantages of AMT

It is known that there is not a single unit or structure in nature that is free of shortcomings. There are also disadvantages to such a popular and sought-after AMT:

You can’t get used to reprogramming: we put the comma ourselves.

There is only one way out: without trying to adjust the AMT to your driving style, adapt yourself to some of the features of its functioning.

How to calculate Margin (Margin) on Forex?

Let us remind you that the value of one standard lot is equal to 100,000 units of the base currency.

Let's try to calculate the margin on a transaction for a currency pair with an inverse quote EURUSD.
If the dollar is in second place in a currency pair, then it is a currency pair with an inverse quote.

Margin (Collateral) = (transaction amount / leverage) * currency rate (its current quote)

Example:

Currency pair: EURUSD Lot: 1 (100000) Leverage: 1:100 EURUSD rate = 1.0596 Margin (Collateral) = (100000 / 100) * 1.0596 = 1059.60 USD

Let's try to calculate the margin on a transaction for a currency pair with a direct quote USDCHF.
If the dollar comes first in a currency pair, then it is a directly quoted currency pair.

Margin (Collateral) = transaction amount / leverage

Example:

Currency pair: USDCHF Lot: 3 (300000) Leverage: 1:500 Margin (Collateral) = 300000 / 500 = 600 USD

Let's try to calculate the transaction margin for the GBPJPY cross rate.
If there is no dollar in a currency pair, then this currency pair is called a cross rate.

Margin (Collateral) = (transaction amount / leverage) * exchange rate of the currency (first in the quotation) to the dollar

Example:

Currency pair: GBPJPY Lot: 1 (100000) Leverage: 1:500 GBPUSD rate = 1.5023 Margin (Collateral) = (100000 / 500) * 1.5023 = 300.46 USD

4. Free Margin (Free Margin) is money in a trading account that can be used to open new market positions.

Features of choice

If the list of “cons” does not put you off, and the desire to purchase a car equipped with an AMT has been consciously formed, it makes sense to collect as much data as possible about the AMT of a specific car model. Each model is characterized by its own behavioral characteristics. For example, some boxes are characterized by a special “lag”: gears are switched with a delay of up to 2 seconds.

Cars equipped with AMT have appeared on our roads relatively recently. Meanwhile, this type of gearbox has enough advantages to make the robotic gearbox one of the most sought after and valued by car enthusiasts.

Video about what AMT is using the Lada Xray as an example:

What kind of company is it - brief information

OJSC MTT is a telecommunications organization, operator and provider with headquarters in Moscow. OJSC Interregional TransitTelecom provides long-distance and international telephone services, providing customers with a ready-made IP PBX.

The company is owned by a subsidiary of VTB Bank - Russian Commercial Bank (Cyprus) Ltd, as well as by Leonid Reiman. The company has been operating since 1994. In fact, this is the only real competitor of Rostelecom at the federal level, which has a developed network and unites more than 300 cellular operators in Russia.

How to choose off-road tires: AT or MT?

It just so happens that from the very first day of my four-wheel drive life I drove on mud tires. Youthful maximalism did not allow me to start with half measures and immediately chose tires with the proud Mud Terrain .

Having driven quite a few kilometers over the years, I have never regretted my choice, although everyone around me constantly convinced me that MT is a complete misunderstanding, since anyway we all mostly drive on asphalt, and off-road only the last few kilometers " So, for the “traveler”, All Terrian , and through the mud you can either put on chains or “get there” with a winch.

But here was the opportunity to check it out for yourself. BFGoodrich KM2 wheels are worn to an indecent state, and I myself am 9,000 km from home in the seaside city of Vladivostok.

There is only one plan further - to quickly get to Moscow, practically without leaving the asphalt. It’s really a pity to “erase” large tread blocks just on the asphalt, and I decided: “why not try it?!”

In the end, even if the experience turns out to be not the most successful, it will still be practical experience, which is much more valuable than any other person’s theoretical opinion.

No sooner said than done, I bought the Mastercraft Courser a/t2 . This is a fairly well-known tire manufacturer belonging to the Cooper Tires (let me remind you that this is happening in Vladivostok, and there is a slightly different assortment of tires there, different from what we are used to).

The pattern seemed interesting to me and at the same time not as “evil” as on my BFGoodrich KM2 - it’s clear that from changing tires there should be obvious savings on fuel, and also, as a bonus, acoustic comfort will improve.

To make the fuel savings even more noticeable, instead of the size I had 255/85 R16 (translated into inch size 33.1″ ), I put 265/75 R16 (inch size 31.6″ ).

My old tires are in such a state that the tire shop won’t even take them for free - I also had to pay for their disposal. As you can see, the tread has been “gnawed” by the Kolyma rock, and each wheel has one or even two cargo patches.

Well, now from the prelude to the conclusions. Immediately after installing the new tires, it seemed to me that there was complete silence in the car, but this comparison is not entirely correct. The fact is that BFGoodrich KM2 tends to wear out the tread unevenly, as if “through a checker”, that is, the more the tire is worn, the more “thin out” the tread is. I wasn’t the only one who noticed this; the previous, so-called “classic” model KM1 .

But if you remember the sensations from the new BFGoodrich KM2 , the difference in noise is not at all great. This is not surprising, since Goodrich is considered one of the quietest tires in the MT , as well as the most wear-resistant.

Efficiency measurements also turned out to be not in favor of AT tires. Fuel consumption naturally fell, according to my measurements, by about a liter and a half, but to a greater extent this result should be attributed to a significant reduction in wheel size (wheel diameter decreased from 840 to 804 mm)

History of creation

By the mid-1970s, the development of a new multi-purpose transporter-tractor began to replace the outdated ATS-59[1]. In 1981, the vehicle was put into service[2]. Serial production of MT-S was supposed to be established at the Polish plant of construction equipment and locomotives in the city of Chrzanów. Preparation for production and adaptation of licensing documentation was entrusted to the Mechanical Equipment Research Center in Gliwice. The adaptation process required significant changes to the basic design of the machine, so a joint Soviet-Polish design bureau was created to speed up the process. However, contractual materials for export production were never signed, so after the production of 18 MT-S tractors, production was discontinued. On the territory of the USSR, the car was also not in mass production[1]. On September 11, 1998, by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1091, the MT-S was officially withdrawn from service with the Russian Army[3].

AT or AMT box: which is better to choose?

As you know, today all automatic transmissions are usually called automatic transmissions. In this case, “automatic” can be called either a classic hydromechanical gearbox with torque converters, or a CVT variator or a robotic manual transmission.

Taking into account the fact that a robotic gearbox can also be represented by two types of gearboxes (for example, a semi-automatic manual AMT and a preselective gearbox of the DSG type), many motorists often have difficulties when choosing an automatic transmission.

Next, we will separately consider what AT and AMT are, what advantages and disadvantages these types of gearboxes have, and also what you should pay attention to when choosing a car with one type of automatic transmission or another.

Types of bank guarantee

Let's look at the most common and popular types of bank guarantee (BG).

Tender guarantee. In this type of guarantee, the bank guarantees for the principal, and if the contractor wins the tender, he undertakes to enter into a contract. If the winner does not want to sign the contract, the bank undertakes to pay the customer a pre-agreed amount (security for the application). Used to compensate the customer’s costs when conducting and organizing a new tender.

Guarantee of execution of government contract . If the contractor fails to fulfill its obligations under the government contract/agreement, the bank undertakes to pay a certain amount for the principal. This BG is concluded to compensate for probable losses due to the fault of the contractor

Money back guarantee . If for one reason or another the contract with the contractor was terminated, the bank is obliged to pay the customer an amount equal to the advance that was received by the contractor before the start of the contract.

It should be mentioned that there are other types of guarantees such as unsecured guarantee, judicial guarantee, customs guarantee and others.

Automatic AT or AMT: gearbox features

First of all, initially cars were equipped with only two types of gearboxes: traditional mechanics and hydromechanical automatic transmission (aka AT). However, later CVT variators appeared, as well as, relatively recently, robotic gearboxes (AMT and preselective manual transmissions).

As for AMT, we immediately note that a robotic transmission of this type is actually a manual transmission that operates without driver participation, that is, gears are switched automatically. It is noteworthy that attempts to automate mechanics were made quite a long time ago, but only thanks to modern technologies and the active introduction of electronics was it possible to implement such a task.

If we talk about AT, this type of gearbox appeared a little later than manual transmission. For a long time, such a box remained the only type of automatic transmission, thanks to which, to this day, it continues to be one of the most common types of automatic transmission.

Now let's look at the classic automatic transmission and the relatively recently appeared robots such as AMT in more detail. Let's start with a traditional slot machine.

So, a hydromechanical automatic transmission is a complex and expensive device that combines elements of hydraulics, mechanics and electronics. An automatic transmission, unlike a CVT, is a step-type gearbox, that is, it has fixed gears.

Such a box did not receive the usual mechanical clutch, since the torque from the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the transmission through a special device (“donut” automatic transmission or torque converter).

ATF (automatic transmission oil) plays an important role in such machines. This liquid is not just a lubricant, but a working fluid. The torque converter converts torque and then transmits it to the gearbox through liquid.

Also, transmission oil is supplied to the automatic transmission under pressure through the valve body channels, that is, ATF acts on the actuators to engage gears. Redistribution of fluid flows occurs by opening and closing valves (solenoids), the operation of which is controlled by the automatic transmission ECU.

The advantages of automatic transmission include fairly high comfort, smooth operation and reliability of the box. A working AT gearbox changes gears almost imperceptibly, operates quietly, without unnecessary noise or vibration.

At the same time, a classic automatic transmission (taking into account the peculiarities of its design and operation) requires a large amount of transmission oil and is sensitive to the quality of ATF and the condition of the fluid. Also, the unit is not designed for constant high loads, it is “afraid” of prolonged slipping, sudden starts, and driving at high speeds.

The presence of a torque converter also means that the efficiency of such a box is slightly lower compared to analogues (by 10-15%), which means increased fuel consumption and losses in acceleration dynamics.

The average service life of such automatic transmissions is 200-250 thousand km, but only subject to timely and high-quality maintenance, as well as compliance with a number of rules within the framework of the operation of vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission of this type. Let us also add that repairing automatic transmissions is also often difficult and expensive.

What does the GCL mark on your license mean?

Another mark on a driver’s license that sets restrictions for people with poor vision is GCL (must wear glasses or contact lenses). This checkbox is indicated if you constantly have to carry vision correction devices with you. The GCL mark prohibits driving a car without having such devices with you and using them.

AMT gearbox - what is it?

The AMT gearbox is not as popular as a manual or automatic transmission, although it combines both types of transmissions. What is it, what types of AMTs are there and how to ride them?

To transmit torque from the engine to the wheels, the car has a special device - a gearbox or transmission.

It can be mechanical, automatic, robotic or CVT.

The first three are stepped, that is, they have the usual first, second and other speeds, the last is stepless and works on a different principle.

The AMT gearbox is installed on many modern cars, including Russian-made cars.

Advanced models of such gearboxes are also found on sports cars.

There is an opinion that in the future AMT will become more widespread than automatic transmissions and will completely replace manual transmissions.

What to do if they call from MTT OJSC

The simplest way to solve the problem of intrusive calls is to blacklist numbers. However, callers can use unfixed numbers and bypass the blocking. In order to protect yourself from scammers, collectors and the flow of commercial offers, you should contact the call center of the MTT company by calling 8-800-50-54-831 and explain to the managers the essence of the problem that has arisen. You can make a complaint using the following contacts:

to your email inbox;
in the chat for customer support on the official website of the organization mtt.ru/chat.

Our support staff will advise you on the best way to protect yourself from unwanted calls. If recommendations and advice from managers do not lead to positive results, you should file an online complaint on the official website of the Ministry of Internal Affairs or write a statement by visiting the nearest police station. The authorities are unlikely to consider a single complaint, but if an impressive number of complaints against callers accumulate, they will be forced to take the matter further. Penalties are provided for telephone “hooligans”, which can temporarily cool the ardor of annoying advertisers.