Design Features
The 21213 engine was created from the working version 2121, taking into account new developments for the VAZ 2107 engine, which were never completed. The main differences from the Niva internal combustion engine are:
- new design pistons;
- changing the parameters of the cylinder head and connecting rods;
- crankshaft modernization;
- camshaft modification;
- use of Solex carburetor modification 21073;
- improved lubrication system;
- original design of the chain tensioner shoe.
Pistons 21213
Crankshaft
Chain tensioner shoe
A detailed description of the components is contained in the manufacturer's manual. To reduce costs, designers mainly used parts of engines already in production that were already in mass production at the time of 1994:
- standard cylinder block, from 2103, height 214.58 mm, cylinder center distance 95 mm;
- crankshaft - taken from 2103 with a crank radius of 40 mm, equipped with additional counterweights, oil channels are drilled in the connecting rod journals, and their diameters are increased by 0.02 mm;
- the cylinder head was used from 21011, but the combustion chambers were enlarged (30 cm3 each), the height was ground down to 111 mm;
- timing valve mechanism – used from 2101 without changes;
- Timing chain – bush-roller double-row from 2103.
Cylinder head 21213
Factory boost provided a power of 81 hp. s and a torque of 126 Nm, but the manufacturer left a potential of about 45 - 60 hp. With. At the same time, he recommends improving the intake and exhaust tracts with your own hands without boring the cylinders and turbocharging the engine.
The main feature of the lubrication system is the presence of plugs to accumulate and then remove dirt from the oil.
Disadvantages, malfunctions and repairs
The Niva 1.7 engine has proven itself to be a reliable engine with excellent performance characteristics. But, like everything in the world, it also has some shortcomings. For example, vibration, high oil consumption, and excessive noise begin to appear after reaching a mileage of one hundred thousand kilometers.
Often a problem occurs with the cooling system if it is not monitored and its condition is not checked in a timely manner. A breakdown of the thermostat or water pump can lead to overheating and disruption of the head geometry or the appearance of cracks in the block, which in turn leads to expensive repairs to the Niva car engine.
When an engine is overhauled, if the cylinder bore is damaged or there is severe wear, the cylinders are bored and the pistons are replaced with repair pistons of sizes 82.4 and 82.8 mm.
But in general, repairing a VAZ 21213 engine is not difficult, the unit itself is simple without unnecessary bells and whistles, it can be repaired and serviced on your own.
Advantages and disadvantages
At the time of its creation, ICE 21213 had the following advantages over earlier versions:
- trouble-free carburetor - does not require frequent adjustments, when adjusted by a specialist, it ensures gasoline consumption at the level of injection injection;
- improved performance - in addition to power/torque, speed and throttle response have increased;
- several repair sizes of ShPG - major repairs can be performed several times without purchasing a new unit.
ShPG 21213
The disadvantage is the excessive noise during operation of the internal combustion engine, high consumption of fuel and lubricants and antifreeze. Currently, instead of standard elastic cylinder head gaskets, metal packages with a long service life can be used. However, machine grinding of the surface of the head and block, respectively, will be required.
Users note among the disadvantages of the motor the low quality of the factory assembly. For example, the connecting rod pin bushings are pressed in incorrectly - with a cut in an arbitrary direction. And these parts experience maximum loads at dead spots, so in the literature it is recommended to press them either at 45 degrees or in a horizontal direction, which will increase the service life of this consumable.
Setting the piston of the fourth cylinder to the TDC position of the compression stroke
The piston of the 4th cylinder is set to the TDC (top dead center) position of the compression stroke so that when carrying out work related to removing the camshaft drive chain, the valve timing is not disrupted. If the valve timing is incorrect, the engine will not operate normally.
Since it operates without oil, bale stabilization is also maintenance-free and environmentally friendly. Distinctive driving dynamics and handling: all-wheel steering combined with sporty front axle steering.
In a full-wheel steering, the rear wheels reach five degrees. Depending on the situation, the rear wheels are steered in the same direction as the front wheels, thereby increasing dynamics and stability. For sports drivers, this is one of the main goals of driving dynamics: neutral handling to the limit even with high drive power. Especially with dynamic acceleration from corners, the optional sports differential ensures stable and precise handling. Variable torque between the wheels of the rear axle creates excellent sequential control.
Set TDC according to the mark on the camshaft sprocket (when installing according to the marks on the crankshaft pulley and on the front cover of the camshaft drive chain, the piston of either the 1st or 4th cylinder may be in this position).
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After this, make sure that the marks on the crankshaft pulley and the cover match. If the shaft marks do not coincide, it means that the valve timing is incorrect (the piston of the 4th cylinder is not installed at TDC). In this case, it is necessary to remove the camshaft drive chain from the camshaft sprocket and rotate the crankshaft until the marks align.
Lightweight construction - innovative multi-layer construction. The body is designed in an innovative multi-layer construction: hot and extremely durable sheets form the core of the interior, the outer skin is made of aluminum. Low focus is another factor in the sporty driving style.
Powerful sportiness: exterior design. All lines and surfaces are designed precisely and concisely, emphasizing the width of the car and thus the strong overall concept. Its exhaust system opens into four square tailpipes. The headlights are three-dimensional and have a double arrow. A camera on the interior mirror analyzes the traffic situation. Based on this information, the control unit switches the diodes individually depending on the situation or reduces them in 64 steps each.
You can rotate the crankshaft in the following ways.
1. Purchase a special wrench for turning the crankshaft by the pulley nut. This wrench can also turn the crankshaft from above the engine compartment.
2. Engage 4th gear and slowly roll the car in the desired direction until the mark on the camshaft sprocket matches the mark on the camshaft bearing housing.
Road signs are illuminated with reduced brightness, so the driver is not dazzled. The brake lights are located in the two upper chambers, and the inside of the lights is plastic, light and elegant. Optional: five or seven seats. The second row comes standard with a three-section backrest with separate folding segments. The optional third row is turned on and off electrically.
More space in the interior sets a new entry in the segment. The tape winder and application strips emphasize the horizontality and spaciousness of the interior. Comfort features meet the luxury class. Electric tailgate - series. The first expansion stage, lightweight packaging, is offered as standard. Here capacitive switches control the lights in the door pockets and the indicator light. In addition, there is ambient lighting. It includes illuminated door sills and additional contour lighting on the center tunnel console.
3. Engage 4th gear and lift one of the rear wheels.
Then turn the hanging wheel in the desired direction until the mark on the camshaft sprocket matches the mark on the camshaft bearing housing.
What cars was it used in?
The 21213 engine was installed on several AvtoVAZ cars:
- Niva 21213 – domestic three-door SUV;
- Lada 21313 - an extended five-door version of the Niva;
- Nadezhda 2120 is a Russian minivan.
Nadezhda 2120
Compared to the basic version 2121, the engine characteristics are much better; the engine is still produced.
A little about the characteristics and prospects
Of course, the engine must have more serious characteristics compared to its predecessor, because without this the entire replacement will be pointless.
As was said, many engines from other cars can be installed on the VAZ-2121, but the most preferable are
: XUD9TE, D8A. 1.9 l, 90 hp, fits perfectly into the Niva, has 190 Nm at 2200 rpm, spins up to 4400 rpm, weighs a little more than 120 kilograms, will need heating of diesel fuel for the winter.
Possible from a Mercedes 1.8 liter
. Many people have a 2.3-liter Fiat Ducato engine on the VAZ 2121, but this option is not the most budget-friendly and not the most powerful; the previous options are better suited for the Niva.
To finally tune the Niva, you can install a turbine, turbocharged Nivas, an incredible picture. However, the installed turbine can have a bad effect on the transfer case and it simply won’t hold up.
Installing a turbine on a Niva costs 35,000-50,000 rubles. You should also remember that the standard Niva engine copes with the turbine, but its power is not enough; you can try to play it, but most often without success.
Basically, the work of the turbine is that, due to the exhaust gases, more friction is acquired, it brings a sensitive gain in horsepower and torque
.
Maintenance
For normal operation, engine 21213 should be serviced within the specified periods:
- 10,000 km - change the oil along with the filter;
- 20,000 km – checking the functionality of the thermostat, updating the cabin filter;
- 30,000 km – replacement of the fuel and air filters;
- 60,000 km – spark plugs and batteries are renewed and the crankcase ventilation is cleaned;
- 100,000 km – reinstallation of the oxygen sensor;
- 200,000 km - the timing chain may need to be replaced.
Despite the fact that the internal combustion engine device is copied from longitudinal engines with a much higher service life, it is used on an SUV with non-disconnectable all-wheel drive, so the components wear out more intensively.
Features of installing a diesel engine on a VAZ 2121
If the manufacturer does not provide the opportunity to buy a Niva with a diesel engine, then craftsmen will appear who will install it with their own hands. So, which diesel engine is suitable for the VAZ 2121? Here are the most popular models:
- Peugeot XUD-9SD (1.9 l, about 70 hp) together with Fiat Polonez gearbox.
- Peugeot XUD 11 with Fiat Polonez gearbox.
- Toyota 3C (79 hp) or 3ST (100 hp) together with Toyota Noah gearbox.
- Motor from Volkswagen Vento.
- And many others.
To install a diesel engine, a large number of modifications will be required. The simplest and most common way of such tuning is to use the engine that was installed for export versions of the SUV (XUD-9SD). Its installation requires the least amount of changes to the machine design. It has a good location of the oil intake (in the front, not in the center or rear), the oil filter (on the front left, like the Niva) and attachment points to the body. In addition, it is easy to find spare parts for this engine model. The approximate procedure is as follows:
- Engine mounts fit from Niva 21215.
- The gearbox bell and the box itself fit well from Fiat Polonez.
- Rework the pan, oil intake, flywheel, exhaust system, etc.
- The easiest way is to complete all the modifications according to the documents.
In other words, no diesel engine can be installed instead of a gasoline engine without modifications. What do you think, is it necessary to change the Niva’s internal combustion engine to a diesel one? If yes, which one and why? Let us remind you that you can improve off-road performance in an easier way, for example, by installing mud tires.
When in 2009 it became known that a batch of Chevrolet Niva diesels were to go on sale, there was some optimism among domestic car enthusiasts about this, because for an SUV, a diesel engine is more appropriate than a gasoline one. But quite a lot of time has passed, and for some reason this model has not become widespread. Let's try to understand the reasons for this.
Let us immediately note that the author of this project was not GM-AvtoVAZ, but located in Togliatti and specializing in Niva tuning. GM-AvtoVAZ only allowed to release this car under the sign of its brand, and even then with difficulty. And as it turned out, it was in vain.
This is one of the reasons for the unpopularity of the new diesel Chevrolet Niva, since a large number of motorists are far from enthusiastic about the products of this company.
Let's take a look at the technical characteristics of this machine. In fact, it differs from the regular gasoline Chevrolet Niva only with a new diesel engine. Here are the technical characteristics of the Niva Chevrolet Diesel:
- volume is 1.9 liters;
- turbocharged engine power 120 hp. With. without it - 100 horsepower;
- the maximum torque is 195 Nm and is achieved at 2600 rpm.
Niva Chevrolet Diesel is all-wheel drive , it is possible to disable the rear axle. The front hubs are not adjustable. Instead of crosspieces, the cardan transmission is equipped with CV joints. The Japanese kindly provided a gearbox for the diesel Niva. Power steering can be considered a functional plus, as can the built-in air conditioner.
But still, many Chevrolet Niva (DIESEL-TURBO) owners are dissatisfied with the car. Some of them say that the sound of a running engine makes you feel as if you are driving a combine or tractor. Manufacturers counter with the fact that, in fact, a diesel engine is no louder than a gasoline engine, and this feeling arises due to the fact that the vibration frequency of the new engine and the human voice are almost the same. Because of this, the sound of his work is perceived “brighter”.
Our person also did not like the gearbox, because it has a rather short stroke. Also, many are saddened by the need to wait about five seconds each time they turn on the ignition until the Check engine light turns off, and only then start the engine. During this pause, the glow plugs begin their work.
But the most significant drawback is definitely the price of the machine. For a brand new Chevrolet Niva (DIESEL-TURBO) you will have to pay 597 thousand rubles .
After all, if you do the math, it’s worth investing a little more money, and you can buy a foreign SUV that will definitely surpass the Niva in quality, characteristics and functionality. And for 600 thousand you can buy a used SUV in acceptable condition.
We install a diesel engine on a Chevrolet Niva ourselves
The idea of installing a diesel engine on a Chevrolet Niva was not new at the time the model described in the article was released. After all, this type of engine really has a number of advantages, namely:
- fuel consumption per 100 km is 7.5 liters;
- for a gasoline engine this figure is around 12 liters;
- increased traction at low speeds provides the SUV with higher cross-country ability.
Malfunctions: causes, elimination
Based on the results of many years of operation, motor 21213 has the following breakdowns:
| The engine does not start | 1) the carburetor damper does not open when ignited 2) fuel pump failure 3) there is no gasoline inside the carburetor | 1) sealing the starting device 2) replacement or repair 3)washing filters and fuel lines |
| Engine stalls in idle mode | 1) failure of the control system 2) damaged drainage tube 3) failure of XX adjustments | 1)replacement of hoses, gaskets and fittings 2) tube replacement 3) adjusting the idle speed with screws |
| Increased vibrations | Spark plugs are not working correctly | Replacing spark plugs |
| Reduced throttle response and power | 1) the dampers do not open enough 2) clogged air filter 3) ignition failure 4) fuel pump failure 5) carburetor failure | 1) adjusting the remote control drive 2) replacement of consumables 3)repairs and adjustments 4)repair 5) settings or cleaning |
The official operating manual of the AvtoVAZ manufacturer contains step-by-step actions that allow you to carry out major repairs or scheduled maintenance on your own.
Motor design 21213
We install the engine on the Niva from a foreign car. It's worth it
Why do some owners install a Niva engine from a foreign car?
Old Soviet cars like the VAZ-2121 Niva, VAZ-2107, VAZ-2108 at this time may seem at least not profitable, and at most not at all capable. Nowadays you won’t see a businessman driving a VAZ, although not long ago it was one of the most powerful cars; its cross-country ability was unattainable for the EU countries and the USA. But not now…
What problems will installing an engine from a foreign car in a Niva help solve? If you are thinking about how to make the Niva profitable and practical for the modern world, then replace its heart! In principle, almost any engine removed from a foreign car can be installed on the Niva.
However, the engine must meet several requirements: fit inside the hood of the car so as not to cut off additional parts (this can have a bad effect later_. And most importantly, the engine power should not greatly exceed the power of its predecessor. After all, if you install an engine that is too powerful, the car’s design simply will not withstand it, cars of that time were created not for power and speed, but for reliability.
The new foreign car can barely withstand a head-on blow with the Niva, and VAZ has a great chance of winning. But Niva, when making a sharp turn at a speed of 150 km. at an hour it will most likely fly into a ditch, and the foreign car will continue on its way.
From Which Foreign Car is the Engine Suitable for Niva?
If you drive a VAZ-2106, you understand that this car’s original engine has relatively little power. Today, such engines are short-lived. Therefore, some owners of these cars decide or are faced with the need to change the engine at some point in time. What engine can be installed on the VAZ-2106? At a theoretical level, any engine that fits under the hood is suitable for such a car. Since there is practically no space under the hood of this car model, the engine must be chosen from similar small cars.
When installing a new unit, you will not only have to redo the fastenings and perform a number of other procedures, but also go through the vehicle registration function one more time. When replacing the engine, you will need to re-register the car with the traffic police. This need is due to the fact that there is a license plate on the engine block, which must be registered in the vehicle’s registration certificate.
Installing a diesel engine on a Niva
One of the available options is the independent installation of a diesel engine on the Niva. To do this, you can use the services of large tuning studios or private professionals who modify cars. You can also install a diesel engine on a Niva yourself if you have some experience and specialized tools. You need to be prepared for the fact that in order to legally operate the car after replacing the engine, you will definitely need to register the changes made with the relevant government agencies.
In the process of selecting a diesel unit, many people wonder which diesel engine to put on the Niva. There are a sufficient number of diesel engines that can be installed on this car. Diesel engines of Japanese and European brands are most often installed on Niva with their own hands. The main requirement is the suitable physical dimensions of the power unit for placement in the engine compartment of the Niva.
The need to make changes to the design begins with the mounting features of the diesel engine. The second nuance is the increase in load on the front axle after installing a diesel internal combustion engine on the Niva, since an engine of this type is often heavier. For this reason, it is necessary to further strengthen both the suspension and the body after placing the engine. Almost always, the standard gearbox will also need to be replaced.
The list of general changes to the design of the Niva for a diesel engine includes: replacement of front engine mounts, modified sump, changes to the exhaust system. The engine cooling system is also subject to modernization. The cooling radiator is often changed (a radiator from a GAZ Gazelle car is suitable).
Changes are also being made to the chassis, individual elements are replaced with reinforced ones. For a regular Niva, they can be borrowed from Niva-Chevrolet. As for the operation of diesel engines, it is separately recommended to install a diesel fuel heating system.
You can also install a Peugeot diesel engine with the xud 11 index on the Niva, but in this case the gearbox will need to be changed. The VAZ gearbox with this engine will not last long. The solution is a gearbox from the Fiat Polonez model. Additionally, you will need to install another clutch. No less often, diesel engines from Japanese cars are installed on the Niva. Units with the Toyota 3c/ct index with a power of 80 and 100 hp are suitable. To replace the gearbox, you can use a 5-speed gearbox from the Noah model manufactured by Toyota.
The best option would be a diesel engine and gearbox, which were originally designed to work in tandem. In this case, the task is simplified due to the correspondence of all attachment points, as well as the coincidence of the axes of the internal combustion engine and transmission shafts. This approach eliminates difficulties in the process of combining a diesel engine and gearbox, and also significantly increases the service life of the associated components. There is no need to calculate what torque a particular gearbox with different diesel engines can withstand.
Advantages of installing a diesel power unit instead of gasoline or LPG. Choosing a suitable diesel engine for GAZelle and UAZ (UAZ) to replace a gasoline engine.
Comparison of gasoline and diesel engines. Advantages and disadvantages of diesel, reliability of diesel engine, features of its maintenance and operation.
Why does a diesel engine have a higher efficiency compared to gasoline engines? Torque and speed, diesel fuel energy.
Why oil leaks from the engine breather: signs and main causes of such a malfunction. How to understand why oil is flowing through the breather, troubleshooting.
Causes of noises and knocks when operating a gasoline engine in different modes. Detonation, knocking of hydraulic compensators, ignition faults and other reasons.
Diesel engine power increase module. Types of chip boxes, features of connection and operation of these blocks. Advantages and disadvantages of a tuning box.
How to change the oil in a Chevrolet Niva engine with your own hands
According to the maintenance regulations for this power unit, the oil should be changed after a travel distance of 15,000 kilometers. When operating the machine in difficult conditions, the time period is reduced to 7,500 km.
Measures to replace the lubricant are carried out with the engine turned off, a few minutes after the trip. The car must be located on a special elevated platform - an overpass.
Procedure:
- clean the drain plug located at the bottom of the oil pan;
- place a container to collect used lubricant;
- unscrew the plug;
- wait 10 - 15 minutes until the hot oil drains;
- dismantle the old one and install a new oil filter;
- clean the plug and screw it into its original place;
- pour a portion of new oil (3.5 - 3.7 liters) through the filler neck;
- wait 10 minutes and check the level using the oil dipstick (at this stage it should be at its maximum value);
- start the engine;
- check for oil leaks in the area of the filter and drain plug;
- turn off the engine;
- re-check the amount of lubricant (now the level between the MAX and MIN marks is considered normal);
- If necessary, add the missing oil.
Technical characteristics of the internal combustion engine VAZ 21214
| Volume, cm3 | 1690 |
| Poppy. power, l. With., | 83 |
| Max. torque, Nm | 129 |
| Arrangement of cylinders in the block | in-line |
| Cylinders, pcs. | 4 |
| Valves, pcs. | 8 |
| Max. speed, km/h | 142 |
| Acceleration to 100 km/h | 17 |
| Combined fuel consumption | 10 |
| Environmental standards | EURO-4 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 82 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 80 |
| Compression ratio | 9,4 |
| Supply system | distributed injection |
| Cooling | liquid |
| Valve mechanism | SOHC |
| Cylinder block material | cast iron |
| Cylinder head material | aluminum |
| Resource, km | 80,000, in fact up to 150,000 |
| Clock (number of clock cycles) | 4 |
| Cylinder operating order | 1-3-4-2 |
| Max. c/v speed, rpm | 8000 |
| Recommended fuel | unleaded gasoline AI-95 |
| PARAMETER | MEANING |
| Years of manufacture | 1194 – present |
| Weight, | 117 kg |
| Cylinder block material | cast iron |
| Supply system | injector |
| Type | in-line |
| Engine displacement | 1.7 |
| Power | 81 horsepower at 5200 rpm |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Number of valves | 2 |
| Piston stroke | 80 |
| Cylinder diameter | 82 |
| Compression ratio | 9.4 |
| Torque, Nm/rpm | 125Nm / 3000 |
| Environmental standards | EURO 4 |
| Fuel | AI 93 |
| Fuel consumption | 8.3 /100 km combined cycle |
| Oil | 5W-30 |
| Oil volume | 3.75 |
| When replacing, pour | 3.5 liters |
| The oil change is carried out | 15 thousand km |
| Engine life - according to factory data | 200 |
VAZ 21213 engine is installed on VAZ 21213, 21214, Chevrolet Niva.
